280 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



then two female Parnassius mnemosyne at 4000 ft., and Erebia 

 stygne var. pyrenaica in great numbers at the same height — a 

 striking form, larger than the type, and with the red band very 

 pronounced. Erebia melas— the chief rarity of Mont Canigou — 

 had not yet put in an appearance. 



(To be concluded.) 



NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. 



On Late Broods of Lepidoptera. — Nine larvae of Xotodonta ziczac 

 pupated on July 1st and 2nd. I allowed them all to spin up in a large 

 chip box. On opening this, on August 1st, I found that an imago had 

 emerged from each of the pups and the moths were dead, seeming to 

 indicate that they could not have spent much more than three weeks 

 in pupa. Mr. Grellet, of this town, tells me that he took a specimen 

 of Plusia moneta at a gas lamp, on or about Sept. 29th; surely a second 

 emergence. I have now eleven lively and healthy pupae of Vanessa 

 urticcB, the result of pupation on Sept. 12th and 13th of larvae taken 

 about Sept. 3rd. These pupae are quite lively, and at the present date 

 (Oct. 21st) show no signs of emergence. — A. H. Foster; Hitchin. 



[X. ziczac is normally double-brooded, and P. moneta is more or less 

 partially so. During the last week in August of this year I noted a 

 colony of the larvae of V. urtica on nettle at Harpenden, Hertford- 

 shire. They were then about half grown, and about fifty were taken, 

 and these were subsequently reared on hop (Hiunulus). The majority 

 duly pupated, and the butterflies, all but one, emerged between Sept. 

 17th and 25th. The belated one left the chrysalis on October 23rd. — 

 E. S.] 



Campodea staphylinus. — In September I found, in a garden in 

 Warwick, a specimen of this simple insect, belonging to the Thysanura. 

 It may, or may not, be the nearest representative of the primitive 

 insect, but at any rate records of its distribution are none too nume- 

 rous, and should be made when possible. — W. J. Lucas. 



Preponderance of Females in Autumnal Broods. — On August 18th 

 last I found at Stoke Dry, in Eutland, a nest of young Vanessa urtica 

 larvae, evidently only just hatched. They began to pupate on Septem- 

 ber 10th, and emerged from the 1st to the 4th of October. They are 

 twenty in number, and every one is a female. Last autumn (1901) a 

 somewhat similar thing happened with regard to one of the broods of 

 Abraxas grossulariata I was rearing. Of forty-two specimens which 

 emerged in October, forty were females. The rest of the larvae hyber- 

 nated and produced twelve males and eight females in May and June, 

 1905. — (Rev. ) Gilbert H. Eaynor ; Hazeleigh Rectory, Maldon, Octo- 

 ber 5th, 1905. 



Notodonta dromedarius (Second Brood) at Beading. — On July 

 15th I found a larva of the above; it spun up among the leaves of 

 birch on the 20th, and emerged a perfect male specimen on August 

 4th.— W. E. Butler; Eeading. 



