Table 1. — Observations at fronts--Contlnued 



Time zone is +7 for all fronts. 

 ^ D-r. = dead-reckoning. 

 ^ l.a.n. = local apparent noon. 

 * Jog: special course during GEK measurement. 



* Hydrocast comprises BT's to 450 feet and 900 feet 

 bucket thermometer reading, Nansen bottle cast. 



* Sampler below thermocline failed to operate prop- 

 erly. 



track. Otherwise, all tracks were plotted from 

 dead-reckoning navigation. 



On S TOR cruise TO-60-1 the thermograph's 

 sensory element was so mounted that the sea- 

 surface (injection) temperature readings im- 

 mediately became too high when the ship was 

 hove to. Thus when stopped in the middle of a 

 front, we could not be sure that the vessel was 

 remaining in the middle, which explains the 

 lack of observations in the middle of fronts 1 

 to 4 (TO-60-1). This difficulty did not arise at 

 front 5 (TO-61-1). , 



The vertical distribution of temperature 

 across a front was investigated by repeated, 

 rapid lower ings of a bathythermograph (BT) 

 to about 100 m. depth, while the ship slowly 

 crossed the front (this operation is called a 

 BT pass). The time between lowerings was 

 from 2 to 5 minutes on the passes made at 

 fronts 2 and 5. 



Salinity 



The Knudsen method was used on shore to 

 determine salinities of water samples taken 

 on TO-60-1 (fronts 1 to 4). Those for TO-61-1 

 (front 5) were made on board by salinometer 

 (Paquette, 1958). 



Temperature-Salinity-Thermosteric Anomaly 



Whenever salinity and temperature were 

 measured more or less sinnultaneously (hydro- 

 casts and BT passes), ^i, the thermosteric 

 anomaly (Montgomery and Wooster, 1954), was 

 computed from them. All data processing in- 

 volving the relationship between these three 

 quantities was done by means of special graph 

 paper (SIO form 4.5) described by Klein in an 

 unpublished manuscript (A new technique for 

 processing physical oceanographic data). 



