XIII. THE HYOIU BONE IN MASTODON AMERICANUS. 

 r.v W. J. Holland, LL.D. 



The Carnegie Museum, in the fall of the year 1898 obtained 

 through the kindness of Mr. Andrew Carnegie the gift of the skeleton 

 of a mastodon, which had been found in a peat-bog about five miles 

 ■west of the village of Waterloo, in northern Indiana. The bones 

 were carefully removed from their resting place and the skeleton was 

 assembled by Mr. Henry A\'ard and his associates at that time con- 

 nected with Ward's Natural Science Establishment at Rochester, New 

 York. The specimen is, with one exception, the most perfect skeleton 

 of a single individual of the species hitherto discovered in North 

 America, and it is believed also to be the largest. 



It is not the purpose of the writer to enter into a detailed descrip- 

 tion of the specimen, but to merely describe and figure certain bones, 

 which, so far as he is able to ascertain, have not yet been found with 

 similar remains, and which, therefore, possess interest. These bones 

 are the basi-hyal, and the thyro-hyals. With these were found the 

 styloid processes. All of these bones are remarkably well preserved. 



The Styloid Processes (Fig. i ). — The left styloid has had a por- 



FlG. I. Right styloid processor J/(/.f/(7^/o« .-/w6'r/Vrt;/z« Kerr. /", posterior view ; 

 A, anterior view; L, external lateral view. (Figures ]A^ nat. size.) 



tion of its distal extremity broken off. It is without its tip 23.50 cm. 

 or 9.18 inches in length. The right styloid, the tip of which has not 

 been injured, measures 24.70 cm. or nearly 9.75 inches in length. 

 The specimen, therefore, approximately agrees in length with those 



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