^50 Literatur. 



In tlie following Synopsis, I have arranged the European Salaman- 

 droids according to their modes of pairing: 



I. No amplexus , but a lengthy courtship in tlie water ; male 

 more brilliantly coloured than the female, and ornamented with 

 dorsal and caudal crests or other temporaiy appendages. 

 The true Newts : Molge cristata, marmorata, alpestris, vulgaris, 

 palmata, etc. 



II. Amplexus takes place; no marked sexual differences of colour; 

 no dermal ornamental appendages. 



A. Amplexus of short duration and partly on land ; no accessory 

 sexual characters. 



The true Salamanders, Salamandra. Spelerpes, Salamandrina and 

 Chioglossa probably enter this division. 



B. Amplexus of more or less lengthy duration and in the 

 water. 



a) The male, distinguished by a greater development of the 

 fore limbs which are armed with temporary excrescences, 

 clasps the female in the axillary region with the fore limbs. 

 The Pleurodele Newt, Molge waltUi. 



h) The male, distinguished by a greater development of the 

 bind limbs and a prehensile tail, clasps the female in the 

 lumbar and caudal regions. 

 The Euprocti: Molge aspera, rusconii, montana. 

 Before concluding this review, which has dealt only with the Sa- 

 lamandroids, it should be added that although we are gradually acqui- 

 riug information on the reproduction of the other types of tailed Ba- 

 trachians, thanks to the observations of Sasaki (21) on MegalobatracJms, 

 of Hay (13) on Ämphiuma, and of F. E. Schulze (23), Marie v. Chauvin 

 (8, 9), and Zeller (28) on Proteus, the act of fecundation has not been 

 witnessed in any of them. 



Beferences. 



1. Bedriaga, J. V., Beiträge zur Kenntniss des Rippenmolches (Pleuro- 



deles waltlii), in: Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 1879, p. 179—201. 



2. — — Ueber die Begattung bei einigen geschwänzten Amphibien, 



in: Zool. Anz. 1882, p. 265-268 und 357—359. 



3. — — Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Amphibien und Reptilien der 



Fauna von Corsika, in: Arch. f. Nat. 1883, p. 124 — 273, tab. 

 3—5. 



4. BoscA, E., Costumbres del Pleurodeles waltlii, in : An. Soc. Espan. 



Hist. Nat., Vol. 6, 1877, Actas, p. 20—24. 



5. Boulenger, G. A., Accouplement de Salamandra atra et S. maculosa, 



in: Rev. Int. Sc, T. 7, 1881, p. 163. 



6. Braun, M., Ueber äussere Hülfsorgane bei der Begattung von Tri- 



ton viridescens Raf., in: Zool. Anz. 1878, p. 124 — 126. 



