20 LEPIDOPTERA. 



in each scallop, enclosing a yellow dot ; cilia following the 

 undulations of the margin, rich chestnut shaded with purple- 

 brown. Hind wiugs not large, the hind margin sinuated ; 

 dull smoky-brown, almost smoky-grey, paler in front, ner- 

 vures rather darker; cilia brownish-white. Female so 

 similar as to be rather difficult to distinguish. 



Underside of the fore wings pale yellowish-brown dusted 

 with black and having a large smoky-black central cloud 

 which is thickly clothed with long hair-scales ; reniform 

 stigma rather blacker, and edged outside with a white dot ; 

 beyond this is a slender smoky-black transverse stripe. 

 Hind wings dusky brownish-white, heavily dusted with dark 

 brown; central spot lunate, smoky-black; beyond it is a 

 fairly straight but sinuous smoky-brown transverse line. 

 Body and legs purplish-brown. 



Not very variable beyond the constant alternation of the 

 reniform stigma and its attendant dots between pure white, 

 and deep yellow, orange, or even chestnut — in which last case 

 these markings also are very obscure — but in Yorkshire 

 specimens are obtained which are much suffused with black- 

 brown, or even black, and others dull brown with very little 

 of the usual chestnut colouring. Scotch specimens are 

 rather richly coloured, and one in the cabinet of Mr. Sydney 

 Webb is of a wonderful crimson-red, especially crimson 

 toward the base. 



On the wing in September, October, November, and when- 

 ever the temperature is mild, in the winter, becoming very 

 much more scarce toward the spring, yet found occasionally 

 in March and April. 



Larva nearly cylindrical but with the anterior segments 

 tapering ; head narrow, rounded above, clear bright brown 

 on the crown, black-brown about the mouth ; colour of the 

 body rich velvety brown ; the second segment has three 

 longitudinal lines on the back of a paler colour, and of these 

 the middle one is less distinctly pronounced than the other 



