QUADR1FID&. 243 



and hottest autumn that I have known (previous to that of 

 1898), and the blackberries, in an unusual condition of 

 richness and sweetness, afforded every night a banquet to 

 myriads of moths, including those of the present species 

 which had not settled down for hybernation. To make 

 quite sure that the moths in the building were actually 

 established for the winter, and not merely hiding in the 

 daytime, I examined the premises at night with a lantern 

 and found all quiescent. Those which had found a crevice 

 or break in the plaster into which they could poke their 

 heads had not moved at all, and the rest onlj- changed their 

 positions very slightly, sometimes to push their heads for 

 shelter under a neighbour's wing. These, with a few more 

 which came in gradually in the later autumn, continued in 

 this state until the spring. It has been definitely ascertained 

 that pairing takes place after hybernation, the eggs being 

 laid in the spring. Found throughout England, Wales, and 

 Ireland, and in most parts commonly ; also in Scotland, in 

 the east to Kincardineshire and Aberdeenshire, and even, 

 very rarely, in Moray ; in the west commonly to Clydesdale, 

 and in Argyleshire ; there is also a record of its occurrence 

 in Shetland. Abroad its range is very wide, over Central 

 Europe, the temperate portions of Northern Europe, Italy, 

 Corsica, the Balkan States, Southern Russia, Armenia, Asia 

 Minor, Tartary, the mountain regions of Central Asia, Japan, 

 Canada, and the United States throughout to California. 



Family 5. QUADRIFIDiE. 



Fore wings broad, frequently very so ; hind wings but 

 very slightly folded longitudinally, vein 5 strong and 

 complete, joined or very nearly joined to vein 4, producing 

 the same fulness on the hind margin as the other nervures. 



Genus 1. OPHIODES. 



Antenna3 cylindrical, naked ; palpi short, pointed forward ; 

 eyes naked, without lashes ; head with an angulated or 



