BOARMIDA£—BAPTA. 367 



hawthorn. During the day it rests extended along the mid- 

 rib of a leaf, and feeds at night. 



Pupa stout, polished, reddish-brown, the wing-cases tinged 

 with green ; anal extremity furnished with a short projecting 

 bristle. Subterranean, in an egg-shaped silken cocoon* 

 covered externally with grains of sand, and attached to a 

 stone, root, or other object about one inch below the surface 

 of the ground. (C. Fenn.) 



The moth rests by day in undergrowth of woods, or in 

 very thick hedges, from which it may be disturbed by the 

 beating-stick, yet often merely nutters down to the ground. 

 It flies at early dusk, and is confined to woods and well- 

 wooded country, in the latter— in West Norfolk unquestion- 

 ably—frequenting large well-grown hawthorn hedges. It 

 has been found sitting upon the trunks of fir-trees— doubt- 

 less for shelter from strong wind. Attention has been called, 

 by Mr. Lovell Keays, to an unpleasant odour emanating from 

 this insect. 



A local and very uncertain species with us ; in its most 

 favoured localities, as in the New Forest and the woods of 

 West Norfolk, quite plentiful in certain seasons, very scarce 

 in others. Also found, though not plentifully, in Kent, 

 Surrey, Sussex, other parts of Hants, Berks, Wilts, Somerset' 

 Gloucestershire, Bucks, Middlesex, Herts, Oxfordshire, and 

 the Eastern Counties; in Devon rare, and but once recorded 

 in Cornwall. Apparently absent from the Midland and some 

 of the Western Counties, but found rarely in North Lanca- 

 shire, Westmoreland, and Cumberland, and very doubtfully 

 in Yorkshire. In Wales I found it rarely in Pembrokeshire, 

 but know of no other record ; and it seems to be absent from 

 Scotland and Ireland. 



Abroad it has a wide range over Central Europe, the 

 Northern half of Italy, Southern and Eastern Russia, 

 Bithynia, the mountainous regions of Central Asia, Japan^ 

 and the Corea. 



