57 



a mere black dot. The large race from Vancouver Is. and Wash- 

 ington State with prominent subterminal lunules on the secondaries in 

 the $ sex has been named claudianus Stichel and this form seems 

 to intergrade in Washington with a race from Montana called by 

 Stichel gallatinus and based on Elrods's figures (Butt. Mont. p. 16, 

 Fig. 15/16) ; we have no Montana material but doubt whether the 

 character mentioned by Stichel vis. that in the $ the postdiscal costal 

 streak is joined by a band to the black spot of the inner margin, will 

 hold good for all Montana males. Altaurus Dyar is based on speci- 

 mens from Alturus Lake, Idaho with yellow instead of red spots ; 

 whether this is mere individual aberration or a race such as behri 

 of smintheus remains to be determined. Immaculata Skin. (Ent. 

 News XXII, 108) is probably an aberration with red spots of sec- 

 ondaries lacking and lorquini Oberthur a still more extreme aber- 

 ration with great reduction of the black patches on primaries as 

 well as on secondaries. 



PIERIDAE 



Pieris napi. L. (PI. VI, Figs. 1-10; PI. VII, Figs. 1, 2). 



Verity has lately (Rhop. Pal. Vol. I) dealt at considerable length 

 with the various races and forms of this species ; we offer the fol- 

 lowing remarks as to an arrangement of our North American races as 

 it is probable that Verity's work is inaccessible to the majority of Am- 

 erican entomologists. 



It is doubtful if napi as typified by the central European spring 

 form and as figured in Seitz Fauna Pal. Vol. I, PI. 21, b is found in 

 this country; specimens from the higher altitudes of Colorado (Sil- 

 verton 10,000 ft.), where it is single brooded, are however very close, 

 although in the 9 's the black dots of primaries are practically obsolete. 

 For this race, which seems to warrant a name, we would propose 

 using pseudonapi and figure the type $ and 9 taken at Silverton, 

 Colo. (Figs. 1, 2) in the last week of July; the 9 's of our series are 

 variable in the amount of black markings, tending in this respect to- 

 ward cruciferarum Bdv. ; we figure one of the palest ones (Fig. 3). 



In the extreme north three distinct forms are separable ; in the 

 inland Arctic region (Barren Plains) we have the form arctica Verity 

 with strongly blackish marked veins on the underside in both sexes 

 and on the upper side in the 9 ; there is however no suffusion of black 

 and the markings are clear cut ; we figure a $ and 9 from Chatanika, 

 Alaska (Figs. 6,7). Along the Alaskan coast we meet with the form 



