58 



pscudobryoniae Verity which is what has been considered until re- 

 cently to be bryoniae Ochs., a race now restricted to the Alps of 

 Europe; Wright's figures (Butt. W. Coast PI. VI, Fig. 43b and 42bb) 

 are typical of the variation of the 9 . On the numerous islands of 

 the Behring Sea and Alaskan coast the form hulda Edw. is found in 

 which the secondaries on the under side are almost totally suffused 

 with greenish in the $ sex, leaving only dashes of yellowish ground 

 color ; the 9 's are usually less suffused and on the upper side are 

 intermediate between arctica and pscudobryoniae ; we figure a S 

 underside and 9 upperside (Figs. 8, 9). 



Three forms have been described from the north eastern coast, 

 viz. frigida Scud., borcalis Grt. and acadica Edw. According to speci- 

 mens in the Scudder Collection at Cambridge from Labrador labelled 

 frigida this form is the spring generation of the race of which acadica 

 Edw. is the partial second generation ; we have specimens of frigida 

 from Newfoundland captured in July and figure a $ and 9 (PI. VII, 

 Figs. 1, 2) ; the specimen figured by W. H. Edwards (Pap. I, PI. II, 

 Fig. 4) as 9 bryoniae from Newfoundland is really the 9 of frigida 

 of which Scudder only had $ 's. Borealis Grt. is said by the author 

 to differ from frigida by the less elongate hind wings ; we do not know 

 the form nor have any information regarding the location of the 

 types; if Edwards' figure is correct (1. c. Fig. 9) it must be very close 

 to frigida. 



The spring race oleracea Harr. and its summer form crucifer- 

 arum Bdv. {oleracea-acstiva Edw.) are too well known to need dis- 

 cussing; we might remark that we have forms from high altitudes 

 in California which cannot be well separated from oleracea, lacking 

 as they do the heavy black spot of vcnosa, the usual spring form of 

 the west coast. 



Marginalis Scud, has for some reason or other been sunk as a 

 synonym of rapac although the original description states that the 

 underside is as in venosa, a feature which cannot possibly apply to 

 rapae; it was described from two specimens, the $ from the Gulf of 

 Georgia and the 9 from Crescent City, Calif. ; the $ will hold the 

 name and the type locality will be either in the vicinity of Victoria 

 or Vancouver, B. C, or possibly on the north coast of Washington 

 State ; we do not know the exact localities in which Agassiz collected 

 his material labelled 'Gulf of Georgia' ; pallida Scud, from the same 

 locality appears to be a form of marginalis with only slight traces of 



