captured in several Lake Huron tribu- 

 taries. Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. Arts 

 Lett. 35(pt. 2):71-90. 



Investigation of sex cycle of females-- 

 sizes of eggs, number per individual 

 (range of 24,000 to 110,000; mean of 

 61,500) and its variation with body- 

 length and weight, and percentage of 

 unspawned eggs (estimated at 5.0). 



APPLEGATE, VERNON C. 



1951b. The sea lamprey in the Great Lakes. 

 Sci. Mon. 72(5):275-281. 



Semipopular account of the invasion 

 of the upper Great Lakes by the sea 

 lamprey and of the effects of that para- 

 site on stocks of commercially valuable 

 fish. Reviews sea lamprey's life history 

 with special reference to technical prob- 

 lems of control. 



APPLEGATE, VERNON C. 



1961. Downstream movement of lampreys 

 and fishes in the Carp Lake River, 

 Michigan. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Spec. 

 Sci. Rep. Fish. 387, iv + 71 p. 



Presentation, largely in tabular form, 

 of records of catches of lampreys and 

 other fishes at an inclined-screen trap 

 operated almost continuously in the Carp 

 Lake River, 1948-58. Principal tables 

 give daily records of catch of recently 

 transformed sea lannpreys, along with 

 information on water level, tempera- 

 ture, and weather, for the migration 

 seasons 1951-52 through 1957-58 (data 

 for earlier seasons published pre- 

 viously). Seminnonthly catch records for 

 fishes other than lampreys are given 

 for seasons 1948-49 through 1957-58. 

 Other tables give information on length 

 and weight of recently transformed and 

 larval lampreys. 



APPLEGATE, VERNON C, and CLIFFORD L. 



BRYNILDSON.- 



1952. Downstream movement of recently 



transformed sea lampreys, Petromyzon 



marinus , in the Carp River, Michigan. 



Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 81:275-290. 



Three-year count of daily catch of 

 newly transformed migrants captured 

 by inclined- plane screen and trap. In- 

 cludes data on sizes of migrants and 

 evidence of rise in stream water level 

 as major factor inducing migration. 



APPLEGATE, VERNON C., JOHN H. HOWELL, 



A. E. HALL, JR., and MANNING A. SMITH. 



1957. Toxicity of 4,346 chemicals to larval 



lampreys and fishes. U.S. Fish Wildl. 



Serv., Spec. Sci. Rep. Fish. 207, ii + 



157 p. 



List of chemicals and record of their 

 effects on an-innocetes, rainbow trout, 

 and bluegills of various low concentra- 

 tions of chemicals; temperature, 55° F. 

 These tests represent the preliminary 

 work in a searchfor a means of destroy- 

 ing larval lampreys in streams through 

 the addition of chemicals. 



APPLEGATE, VERNON C., JOHN H. HOWELL, 

 JAMES W. MOFFETT, B.G.H, JOHNSON, 

 and MANNING A. SMITH. 



1961. Use of 3-trifluormethyl-4-nitrophe- 

 nol as a selective sea lamprey larvicide. 

 Great Lakes Fish. Comm., Tech. Rep. 

 1, 35 p. 



Historical account of researches-- 

 bioassays, raceway tests, and experi- 

 nnental stream treatments--that pre- 

 ceded the general field use of the 

 compound for control of the sea lamprey. 

 Procedures and results are described 

 for bioassays and raceway tests, and a 

 detailed account is given of the experi- 

 mental treatment of each of four Lake 

 Superior tributaries (three in the United 

 States and one in Canada). The relations 

 of the biological activity of TFM to tem- 

 perature and the physical and chemical 

 characteristics of water are reviewed. 



APPLEGATE, VERNON C, JOHNH. HOWELL, 



and MANNING A. SMITH. 



1958. Use of mononitrophenols containing 



halogens as selective sea lannprey 



larvicides. Science 127(3294):336-338. 



Account of the screening experiments 

 that led to the discovery of the selec- 

 tive toxicity that permits use of chenni- 

 cals of the mononitrophenol group to 

 destroy larval sea lampreys without 

 significant injury to other fishes. In- 

 cludes tabular presentation for six 

 mononitrophenols of concentrations re- 

 quired to kill ammocetes and to inflict 

 significant mortality on rainbow trout, 

 brown trout, and bluegills. 



APPLEGATE, VERNON C, and EVERETT L. 

 KING, JR. 



1962. Comparative toxicity of 3-trifluor- 

 methyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) to larval 

 lampreys and eleven species of fishes. 

 Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 91(4):342-345. 



TFM was selectively toxic toward 

 larval lampreys in tests with rainbow 

 trout and 10 warm-water fish species. 

 Toxicity varied widely with the con- 

 ductivity and alkalinity of the dilution 

 waters, but selective action persisted 

 at all levels. Smallmouth bass and other 

 centrarchids were most tolerant of 



