even without supporting subsurface salinity data was as- 

 sumed to be a slope water intrusion into the Gulf of 

 Maine. 



Directly above the warm water intrusion was a strong 

 thermal front extending to >50-m depth and indicating a 

 flow out of the Gulf. Another thermal gradient existed 

 between stations 1 and 4 indicating a flow into the Gulf 

 from off the Scotian shelf, which is consistent with past 

 observations (McLellan 1954), and is considered to be a 

 mixture of St. Lawrence, Scotian shelf water, and surface 

 slope water. The minimum temperature observed along 

 this transect (App. Fig. 76) was <4''C and occurred as an 

 intrusion at depth and can be attributed to Scotian shelf 

 water influence. Earlier in the year the Scotian shelf 

 water influence was much more evident (App. Fig. 74). A 

 tongue of 2°C water at about 50-m depth extended the 

 whole length of the transect as far south as lat. 42°27'N 

 and long. 65°49'W. At the most northern end of the 

 transect (lat. 43°24'N, long. 64°06'W), i^C water was also 

 becoming evident. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



Appreciation is extended to the Maritime Academy 

 Training representatives T. Hannigan and A. Findley in 

 New York, N.Y., and L. Heroy in New Orleans, La. Their 

 diligent efforts to place midshipmen on board ships that 

 were scheduled to traverse preselected oceanic areas were 

 instrumental to the success of this program. Also, thanks 

 is extended to H. 0. Travis and the National Maritime 

 Research Center for their continuing support of the 

 SOOP effort. In addition, thanks are extended to the 

 Moore McCormack Lines, American Export Lines, and 

 Grace-Prudential Lines of New York and the Delta 

 Steamship Company and Sea Land Shipping Lines of 

 New Orleans. Finally, appreciation is accorded to the 

 Marine Service Branch, Commander Atlantic Area, U.S. 

 Coast Guard, for making possible the utilization of the 

 many Coast Guard ships in support of the SOOP pro- 

 gram. 



Because this is the last of these SOOP reports to be 

 published by NMFS, it is appropriate to acknowledge all 

 the people involved with preparation of this and past 

 SOOP reports. Appreciation for the many typings of the 

 many manuscripts is given to Gertrude Kavanagh, Jen- 

 nie Dunnington, Judy Cichy, Lynn Howell, and Susan 

 Burkhardt. Deep and imbuing gratitude to Lianne 

 Armstrong for her many hours of layout and drafting ser- 

 vices patiently provided over the years. Approbation is 

 also given to Reed Armstrong for his assistance and 

 detailed examination of many of the Gulf of Mexico 

 transects. 



LITERATURE CITED 



BEARDSLEY, R. C. W. C. BOICOURT. and D. V. HANSEN. 



1976. Physical oceanngraphy of the Middle Atlantic Bight. In 

 M. G. Gross (editor), Middle Atlantic continental shelf and the 

 New York Bight, p. 20-34. Am. Soc. Liranol. OceanoKr. Symposia, 

 Vol. 2. 

 BIGELOW, H. B. 



193.1. Studies of the waters on the continental shelf. Cape Cod to 

 Chesapeake Bay. 1. The cycle of temperature. Mass. Inst. Tech- 

 nol. and Woods Hole Oceanogr. Inst.. Pap. Phys. Oceanogr. 

 Meteorol. 2(4), 13.') p. 

 B1S.\GNI. .J, J. 



1976. Passage of anticyclonic Gulf Stream eddies through Deep- 

 water Dumpsite 106 during 1974 and 1975. NOAA Dumpsite 

 Evaluation Report 76-1, 39 p. 

 CHAMBERLIN. J. L.. J. J. KOSMARK. and S. K. COOK. 



1978. Initiation of monthly temperature transects across the north- 

 ern Gulf of Maine. In J. R. Goulet, Jr. and E. U. Haynes (editors). 

 Ocean variability: Effects on U.S. marine fisheries resources - 

 1975. p. 257-269. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 

 Circular 416. 

 COLTON. J. B., Jr., and R. R. STODDARD. 



1973. Bottom-water temperatures on the continental shelf. Nova 

 Scotia to New Jersey. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Rep. 

 NMFS CIRC-376. 55 p. 

 COOK. S. K. 



1973. Expendable bathythermograph observations from the 

 NMFS/MARAD Ship of Opportunity Program for 1971. U.S. 

 Dep. Commer.. Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., Data Rep. 81, 132 p. 



1975. Expendable bathythermograph observations from the 

 NMF.S/MARAD Ship of Opportunity program for 1972. U.S. 

 Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS SSRF-692, 81 p. 



1976. Expendable bathythermograph observations from the 

 NMFS/MARAD Ship of Opportunity program for 1973. U.S. 

 Dep. Commer.. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS SSRF-700, 13 p. 



COOK, S. K., and K. A. HAUSKNECHT. 



1977. Expendable bathythermograph observations from the 

 NMFS/MARAD Ship of Opportunity program for 1974. U.S. 

 Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS SSRF-709, 45 p. 



FISHER. A., Jr. 



1972. Entrainment of shelf water by the Gulf Stream northeast of 

 Cape Hatteras. J. Geophys. Res. 77:3248-3255. 

 KETCHUM. B. H., and N. CORWIN. 



1964. The persistence of "winter" water on the continental shelf 

 south of Long Island. New York. Limnol. Oceanogr. 9:467-475. 

 McLELLAN. H. J. 



1954. Temperature-salinity relations and mixing on the Scotian 

 Shelf. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 11:419-430. 

 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITE SERVICE. 



1975. Experimental Gulf Stream Analysis Charts (N-69). U.S. 

 Dep. Commer., National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra- 

 tion. 

 NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE. 



1975. Gulfstream, Vol. 1 (No. 1-12). U.S. Dep. Commer., National 

 Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 

 U.S. NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE. 



1975. Experimental Ocean Frontal Analysis Charts. Wash.. D.C. 

 WHITCOMB, V. L. 



1970. Oceanography of the mid-Atlantic Bight in support of 

 ICNAF. September-December 1967. U.S. Coast Guard Ocean- 

 ogr. Rep. 35, 157 p. 

 WORTHINGTON. L. V. 



1964. Anomalous conditions in the Slope Water area in 1959. J. 

 Fish. Res. Board Can. 21:327-333. 

 WRIGHT, W. R. 



1976. The limits of shelf water south of Cape Cod. 1941 to 1972. 

 J. Mar. Res. 34:1-14. 



11 



