species, 12,592 eggs being taken from 

 early May through September." p. 42. 

 Reference is also made to the great 

 difficulty encountered in distinguishing 

 cunner eggs from tautog eggs. 



Herman, S. S. 



1963. The planktonic fish eggs and larvae of 

 Narragansett Bay. Limnol. Oceanogr., 8(1): 

 103-109. 



This report contains the results of 

 Herman's plankton work cited above. 

 Tables (p. 106-107) list the number, 

 occurrence, abundance, and characteristics 

 of the eggs and larvae obtained in the 

 plankton sampling. 



Hildebrand, S. F., and W. C. Schroeder. 



1928. Fishes of the Chesapeake Bay. Bull. U. 



S. Bur. Fish, for 1927, 43 Pt. 1: 1-388. 



The authors discuss the general life history 

 of the cunner (p. 320-321). Only one fish 

 had ever been taken in a Chesapeake 

 locahty. 



Holmes, E. 



1862. Report on the fishes of Maine, 

 including some of the elementary principles 

 of ichthyology. Natur. Hist. Geol. Maine, 

 Second Ann. Rep.: 11-117. 

 Ctenolabrus burgall is listed. 



Huntsman, A. G. 



1918a. The effects of the tide on the 

 distribution of the fishes of the Canadian 

 Atlantic coast. Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada, Ser. 

 3,12(4): 61-67. 



The distributions of the cunner in the Gulf 

 of St. LaviTence and in the Bay of Fundy 

 are compared. It is concluded that the 

 "absence of heavy tides makes the Gulf of 

 St. Lawrence, and in particular the 

 Magdalen shallows, an important spawning 

 ground for many species of fishes with 

 pelagic eggs, and the presence of heavy 

 tides prevents the Bay of Fundy serving in 

 a similar capacity. . ." p. 66. 



Huntsman, A. G. 



1918b. The growth of the scales in fishes. 



Trans. Roy. Canadian Inst., 12: 61—101. 

 Analysis of the rleationship of total length 

 to scale length in the cunner is presented. 

 The conclusion is reached that in the 

 cunner "there is to be found a lack of 

 correspondence in the rates of growth of 

 the scales and of the body, as judged by 

 their anterioposterior diameters (for the 

 scale, particularly of the anterior field). 

 The scale begins its growth later, grows 

 relatively more rapidly than the body 

 during the first half of life, and less rapidly 

 than the body during the second half." p. 

 91. 



Howe, A. B. 



1971. Biological investigation of Atlantic 

 tomcod, Microgadus tomcod (Walbaum), in 

 the Weweantic River Estuary, Massachusetts, 

 1967. M. S. thesis, Univ. Mass., 82 pp. 



The cunner is cited as one of six species of 

 fish which was found in the stomachs of 

 tomcod (p. 31, 33). 



Hunter, G. W., Ill, and E. Wasserman. 



1941. Observations on the melanophore 

 control of the cunner, Tautogolabrus 

 adspersus (Walbaum). Biol. Bull. (Woods 

 Hole), 81(2): 300. 



Background responses under a constant 

 source of illumination were studied in the 

 cunner. "The cunner has a melanophore 

 system controlled by adrenergic and 

 cholinergic sets of nerve fibers. . ." 



Huntsman, A. G. 



1922. The fishes of the Bay of Fundy. 

 Contrib. Canadian Biol, for 1921(3): 49-72. 



"Very common and of all sizes in St. Mary 

 Bay which must be a successful breeding 

 place and centre of dispersal. Known to 

 the fishermen in Annapolis basin, but not 

 common, and taken only on lines, no 

 small specimens seen... The eggs have been 

 taken in Passamaquoddy Bay, but no 

 larvae have been found..." p. 15. 



Huntsman, A. G. 



1923. Natural lobster breeding. Bull. Biol. 

 Bd. Canada, 5: 1-11. 



The disparity between the absence of 

 cunner fry in the Bay of Fundy and the 

 "prodigious quantity" of cunner found in 

 the Magdalen shallows was investigated. It 



17 



