CONTENTS 



Page 



Introduction 1 



Empirical formulae 2 



Heat exchange computations 3 



Q(S), radiation from sun and sky 3 



Q(B), the effective back radiation 3 



Q(E), heat used for evaporation 3 



Q(C), transfer of sensible heat 4 



Wind stress 4 



Processing of data 4 



Data gaps 4 



Erroneous data 4 



Position change 4 



Data summarization 5 



Accuracy of heat exchange computations 5 



Discussion 6 



Monthly values of Q(N) and Q(E) 6 



Seasonal anomalies of Q(N) and Q(E) 7 



Q(E) as a function of (e, e, ) and W 7 



Effect of stability on Q(E) 15 



Heat exchange processes computed from daily versus monthly meteorological properties 16 



Wind stress 16 



Conclusion 17 



Literature cited 18 



Appendix 1 19 



Appendix H 



Appendix IH 



Figures 



1. Average annual amount of heat received ( + ) or lost (-) by the North Pacific Ocean across the sea sur- 

 face in cal cm"^ day"', adapted from Wyrtki (1965) 2 



2. Mean daily sea-surface temperatures (°C) at Ocean Weather Station V during 1954 5 



3. Relative magnitude of the 1956-70 mean monthly components of heat exchange across the sea surface 



at Ocean Weather Station V (OWS-V) in cal cm"^ day"' 7 



4a. Monthly net heat exchange at Ocean Weather Station V (OWS-V), September 1951-December 1957, 



and anomalies of monthly value from monthly mean, April 1955-March 1971 8 



4b. Monthly heat used for evaporation at Ocean Weather Station V (OWS-V), September 1951-December 



1957, and anomalies of monthly value from monthly mean, April 1955-March 1971 9 



5a. Monthly net heat exchange at Ocean Weather Station V (OWS-V), January 1958-December 1964, and 



anomalies of monthly value from monthly mean, April 1955-March 1971 10 



5b. Monthly heat used for evaporation at Ocean Weather Station V (OWS-V), January 1958-December 



1964, and anomalies of monthly mean, April 1955-March 1971 , 11 



6a. Monthly net heat exchange at Ocean Weather Station V (OWS-V), January 1965-March 1971, and " 



anomalies of monthly value from monthly mean, April 1955-March 1971 12 



6b. Monthly heat used for evaporation at Ocean Weather Station V (OWS-V), January 1965-March 1971, 



and anomalies of monthly value from monthly mean, April 1955-March 1971 13 



7. Seasonal anomalies of net heat exchange at Ocean Weather Station V (OWS-V), October 1951-March 

 1971, for 6-mo cooling and 6-mo warming portions of the annual cycle 14 



8. Seasonal anomalies of heat used for evaporation at Ocean Weather Station V (OWS-V), October 1951- 

 March 1971, for 6-mo cooling and 6-mo warming portions of the annual cycle 14 



9. Evaporation diagram for the 1956-70 mean values of the vapor pressure difference and wind speed with 

 monthly values for the fall and winter of 1956-57 and 1967-68 15 



10. Seasonal anomalies of wind speed at Ocean Weather Station V (OWS-V), October 1951-March 1971, for 

 6-mo cooling and 6-mo warming portions of the annual cycle 15 



11. Monthly components of resultant wind stress at Ocean Weather Station V (OWS-V), 1952-70 17 



Tables 



1. Monthly mean sea-surface temperature (T) and standard deviation (o) of the means at Ocean Weather 

 Station V (OWS-V) (A) and in a 2° quadrangle centered at lat. 31°N, long. 164°E (B) for the year 1954 . 4 



2. Differences between monthly mean meteorological properties (1949-68) in 2° quadrangles centered at 



1) lat. 34° N, long. 164° E and 2) lat. 31°N, long. 164°E 7 



