p. p.m.; calcium, 18 to 50 p. p.m.; chlorides, 

 2.0 to 8.0 p. p.m.; pH, 7.5 to 8.3; total alka- 

 linity, 58 to 214 p. p.m.; total hardness, 78 to 

 228 p.p.nn.; and conductivity, 130 to 374 

 micromhos. Water tennperature varied from 

 to 27° C. (32° to 80° F.). 



Water quality data from the stations at State 

 Highway M-95 bridge and the mouth were simi- 

 lar (table 7). Values for data from the two 

 intermediate stations were slightly lower. 



PENSAUKEE RIVER, OCONTO 

 COUNTY, WIS. 



The Pensaukee River, a tributary to south- 

 ern Green Bay, Lake Michigan, was sampled 

 at U.S. Highway 141 bridge in Oconto County, 

 Wis. The main stream is 48 km. (30 miles) 

 long and has 121 km. (75 miles) of tributary 

 streams and a drainage area of 453 km. 2 (175 

 sq. miles). The North Branch of the Pensaukee 

 River is the main tributary and, except during 

 the spring runoff, contributes most of the water. 

 The flow ranged from 0.3 to 0.9 m.3/sec. (10 

 to 30 c.f.s.) but flows were higher during the 

 spring runoff and heavy rains. The water was 

 clear, slightly alkaline, and moderately 

 colored. Turbidity and color increased during 

 high water. 



Water quality data were collected from 

 December 1962 through December 1965 (table 

 8). Aluminum, copper, and iron varied little 

 throughout the year. The lowest concentra- 

 tions of magnesium, calcium, total alkalinity, 

 and total hardness, and conductivity readings 

 were during the spring runoff. From May 

 through August, when flows remained nearly 

 constant or slowly receded, these values 

 dropped and reached a low in July and August, 

 and then increased to their highest in the 

 winter. Chlorides were higher during low flows 

 and lower at high flows. Concentrations of 

 nitrate, silica, and sulfates were lowest in the 

 sunnmer. Nitrite was found in many san-iples. 

 Concentrations of tanninlike and ligninlike 

 compounds were highest during the spring 

 runoff and when flows increased and lowest 

 during low flows. The pH values were lowest in 

 the winter and during the spring runoff and 

 highest in the summer and fall. Phenolphthalein 

 alkalinity was found in many sannples from 

 April through November. The ranges for values 

 of selected measurements were: magnesium, 

 5.3 to 35.0 p. p.m.; calcium, 20 to 86 p. p.m.; 

 chloride, 4.5 to 14.0 p.p.m.; pH, 7.5 to 9.0; 

 phenolphthalein alkalinity, to 18 p.p.m.; total 

 alkalinity, 60 to 302 p.p.m.; total hardness, 72 

 to 360 p.p.m.; and conductivity, 149 to 576 

 micronnhos. Water temperature varied from 

 0° to 33° C. (32° to 91° F.). 



AHNAPEE RIVER, KEWAUNEE 

 COUNTY, WIS. 



The Ahnapee River, a tributary to Lake 

 Michigan, was sampled at County Road J 

 bridge in Door County, Wis. The main stream 

 is 21 km. (13 miles) long and has 85 km. (53 

 miles) of tributary streams and a drainage 

 area of 285 km. 2 (HO sq. miles). The flow 

 usually ranged from 0.2 to 0.4 m.3/sec. (6 to 

 15 c.f.s.) but was higher during the spring run- 

 off and heavy rains. The water was clear, 

 slightly alkaline, and moderately colored. 

 Turbidity and color increased when flow in- 

 creased. 



Water quality data were collected from 

 December 1962 through December 1965 (table 

 9). Aluminum, copper, and iron varied little 

 throughout the year. Concentrations of magne- 

 sium, calcium, total alkalinity, and total hard- 

 ness, and conductivity readings were low 

 during the spring runoff. From May through 

 September as flows remained nearly constant 

 or slowly receded, these values dropped to 

 low levels in August and September, and then 

 increased to their highest in winter. The 

 values were higher when flow increased 

 in rainy weather. Chlorides were high during 

 low flows and lower when flows increased. 

 Concentrations of nitrate, silica, and sulfates 

 were lowest in the summer. Nitrite was 

 present in most samples and was highest in 

 the winter. Concentrations of tanninlike and 

 ligninlike compounds were high during the 

 spring runoff and when flow increased. The pH 

 values were highest in the summer and fall and 

 were low in the winter and during the spring 

 runoff. Phenolphthalein alkalinity was found in 

 many samples from April to November. The 

 ranges for values of selected measurements 

 were: magnesium, 20.0 to 45.0 p.p.m.; calcium, 

 29 to 89 p.p.m.; chloride, 5.5 to 13.0 p.p.m.; 

 pH, 7.8 to 8.8; phenolphthalein alkalinity, to 

 18 p.p.m.; total alkalinity, 156 to 354 p.p.m.; 

 total hardness, 192 to 400 p.p.m.; and conduc- 

 tivity, 317 to 614 micromhos. Water tempera- 

 ture varied from 0° to 24° C. (32° to 76° F.). 



OTHER STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO 

 LAKES SUPERIOR AND MICHIGAN 



Water quality measurements for other 

 streams tributary to Lake Superior (table 10) 

 and Lake Michigan (table 11) were few and 

 scattered but are sufficient to provide data on 

 some general characteristics of the streams 

 and lake drainages. 



Traces of aluminum, copper, and iron and 

 varying amounts of nitrate, silica, sulfate, 

 and tanninlike and ligninlike compounds were 

 found at most stations. 



16 



