wooden barrels without any processing other than salting and packing, have 

 recently been made in tin containers holding 6 kilograms after the heads 

 have been removed, a method of packing preferred by foreign buyers. 



Pilchard 



Pilchards migrate into the Sea of Marmara from the Mediterranean 

 in May, after spawning in April, and usually do not go beyond the Bosphorus, 



Pilchards are caught in purse seines and fish traps and at night 

 with the use of a light. 



Annual production varies between 400 and 450 tons, of which 

 about 70 percent is salted, 10 percent canned, and 20 percent consumed 

 fresh. 



Swordfish 



Swordfish migrate to the Blaok Sea in April and return to the 

 Bosphorus and Sea of Marmara from about the middle of August to the end 

 of November. It i6 caught occasionally at other times of the year. 



Swordfish are caught in gill nets on moonless nights, and during 

 recent years have been hunted with harpoon guns. The taking of very young 

 swordfish (less than 10 kilograms) is prohibited. 



Average annual production of swordfish does not exceed 300 tons, 

 most of whioh is consumed fresh, less than 15 percent being smoked. 



Spanish mackerel 



Spanish mackerel start migrating from the Mediterranean at the 

 beginning of May and reaches the Bosphorus, possibly penetrating into the 

 Black Sea, from whence it starts returning towards the Mediterranean in 

 August. The principal fishing regions are the Bosphorus and more particu- 

 larly the waters about the islands in the Sea of Marmara. Method of fish- 

 ing for Spanish mackerel is the same as for mackerel. Production is 

 estimated at about 500 tons, of which almost 85 percent is exported fresh 

 while 10 percent is consumed fresh locally and 5 percent is salted. In 

 addition, an estimated 70 tons of young Spanish mackerel are taken in the 

 Sea of Marmara, salted and consumed in the domestic market. 



Dolphin 



The dolphin (mammal) i6 taken in the Sea of Marmara and the 

 Bosphorus on a small scale and in large quantities along the Black Sea 

 Coast. It is used for the extraction of oil which in part is consumed 

 locally. Annual production of dolphin oil is estimated at from 600 to 

 700 tons. The flesh of this mammal is said to be inedible. There exists 

 one more or less modern plant in Trabzon which extracts dolphin oil, while 

 a substantial amount of oil is also obtained by primitive methods of 

 processing by groups of fishermen on the shores of the Black Sea and other 

 fishing regions. 



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