5. Reef Drag Seine (Ligkop) — This is a seiae (fig. 4) 

 dragged over coral or rocky Itottoms with the floatline submerged 

 "below the siirface of the sea. The net, which is of Manila (ahaka) 

 twine with a mesh of 1 l/2 inches stretched, has a finished length 

 of from 180 to 300 fathoms. The corkline is floated as usual with 

 wooden floats while the gro\indline is weighted with either lead or 

 stone sinkers. The free end of each wing is provided with a bamboo 

 brail about one and a half fathoms long. 



In operation the net is payed out where a good-sized 

 concentration of reef fishes has been located. The fish are sur- 

 rotrnded and the net made to fish to bottom as deep as 10 fathoms 

 by sinking the whole gear with the aid of 3 bamboo poles held by 

 men on board 3 small bancas. The two wings axe then gradually 

 pulled towards the shore by means of p\ill ropes and the whole gear 

 hauled in the manner of an ordinary beach seine except that in this 

 operation, the bottom line is continually under the surveillance of 

 several divers who free or disentangle it from snags. 



6. Drive-in-net (Bahan) — Another common method of coral 

 reef fishing employed by the fishermen from Saimar is the bahan which 

 is nothing more than an abbreviated drag-seine with or without a 

 bag. The seine proper is of sinainay (abaka cloth) which is the 

 portion that serves as the bunt or landing piece of the gear. A 

 pair of coconut leaf scarelines, from which the term bahan is 

 derived, serve as the wings. 



The seine proper has a finished length of 21 fathoms and 

 a maximum depth of 3 fathoms , tapering toward the two ends to a 

 depth of 1 fathom. The head and foot of the net are each hung to 

 a l/2-inch abaka rope after providing them with a two-mesh selvage 

 strip of 1 1/2 inches stretched. The entire length of the corkline 

 is provided with wooden floats, while the groundline is weighted 

 lead sinkers. On the free end of each wing is a bamboo brail about 

 five feet. long. 



The scareline is a pair of 1 to 2-inch manila ropes about 

 100 fathoms in length to which coconut leaves are tied by the mid- 

 ribs with rattan. The midribs are split to produce two separate 

 units from one leaf. 



In operation the net is payed out somewhat seaward with 

 the two wirgs toward the shore enclosing the school. The entire 

 gear is then -nulled toward the shore, the winglike scareline serv- 

 ing to drive the fish into the bunt where they are impounded. The 

 fish are then brailed into the canoes. 



7. Bohol Drive-in-net (Kayakas) — This is a type of 

 Filipino drive-in-net commonly used by the Bohol fishermen in coral 

 reef fishing in vaters ranging in depths from three feet to three 



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