umbilical cords disinfected, and were freeze- 

 branded for identification. Eight days later they 

 were dipped in a solution of lindane to remove 

 lice, and on the l6th day were given oral thi- 

 abendazole for hookworms. The pups had ac- 

 cess to a sea-water pool after the 12th day. 



Feeding was by stomach tube and a plastic 

 syringe of 2 30 ml. capacity. Starting with 60 

 ml., we increased the amount of formula 10 ml. 

 per feeding until each pup was getting 120 ml. 

 twice daily. On the 14th day we increased the 

 amount of formula per feeding to 130 ml., and 

 by the 2 5th day to a maximum of 150 ml. twice 

 a day. 



The results were evaluated by comparing 

 longevity and rates of gain or loss in weight 

 during a 35-day period (figs. 10 and 11). The 

 three pups fed formula without the supplement 



lost weight steadily and rapidly. One died in 

 14 days and one in 16 days; the third began a 

 dramatic recovery when the supplement was 

 added to his diet on the 21st day. Except for an 

 undersized male that lost weight from the 

 beginning and died in 1 5 days, the pups fed 

 formula containing the supplement gained 

 weight steadily after the usual small loss fol- 

 lowing birth. One of these pups contracted a 

 bacterial enteritis and began to lose weight 

 after the 28th day; however, a female reached 

 120.4 percent of her birthweight in 35 days, the 

 best weight gain yet obtained for any artificially 

 reared, newborn fur seal. 



We conclude that one or more of the com- 

 ponents of the supplement was essentialfor the 

 survival and growth of newborn fur seal pups 

 fed the artificial diet. 



SUMMARY 



AGE CLASSIFICATION AND NUMBER OF 

 SEALS KILLED, BY SEX 



Males 



A kill of 54, 891 males in ages 2 to 6 in- 

 cluded 42,359 taken on St. Paul Island and 

 12,532 taken on St. George Island. The limits 

 for killing males in 1967 were from 107 cm. 

 (42 inches), tip of nose to tip of tail, up to but 

 not including those having manes . An additional 

 829 young males of unknown ages were taken 

 during the kill of females. 



Females 



The kill of females in 1967 was 10,096, of 

 which 7,502 were taken on St. Paul Island and 

 2,594 were taken on St. George Island. Most 

 (7,170) of the females were taken during a 

 special season 7-17 August; 2,926 were taken 

 during the kill of males from 26 June to 5 

 August. 



SURVEY DATA 



Mortality 



Pups. --The count of dead pups on the Pri- 

 bilof Islands in 1967, including an addition of 

 5 percent for pups overlooked during the counts, 

 was 17,426--St. Paullsland contributed 14,780, 

 and St. George Island, 2,646. 



The major causes of death among 232 pups 

 autopsied from 29 June to 15 August were mal- 

 nutrition (31 percent), liver damage-multiple 

 hemorrhage-perinatal complex (14 percent), 

 hookworm disease (16 percent), and infections 

 (9 percent). Trauma and miscellaneous causes 

 of death accounted for 13 percent; 10 percent 

 of the pups were unsuitable for examination, 

 and the cause of death could not be determined 

 for 7 percent. 



Adults . --The number of dead adult males 

 counted on St. Paul Island was 158 in 1965, 

 181 in 1966, and 108 in 1967; 41 were counted 

 on St. George Island in 1966 and again in 1967. 

 The number of dead adult females counted on 

 St. Paul Island was 172 in 1966 and 157 in 

 1967; 55 were counted on St. George Island in 

 1966 and 28 in 1967. 



Counts of Living Adult Male Seals 



On the basis of the proportional change ob- 

 served on five sample rookeries between 1966 

 and 1967, we estimated totals of 7,230 harem 

 and 4,439 idle males on St. Paul Island in 1967-- 

 a reduction from 1966 of 9 percent for harem 

 males and 24 percent for idle males. 



On St. George Island the number of harem 

 males counted in 1967 (1,646) was 17 percent 

 less than the number counted in 1966 (1,974), 

 whereas the number of idle males in 1967 

 (1,268) was 20 percent higher than in 1966 

 (1,017). 



Reproductive Condition of Female Seals 



Thirty-four percent of 1,255 females age 4 

 and older taken from hauling grounds had given 

 birth to pups. These females had a pregnancy 

 rate of about one-third that of females found 

 on the rookeries in other years and about half 

 that of females collected at sea. 



Weights of Pups 



One hundred untagged and unmarked pups of 

 each sex were weighed on each of four rook- 

 eries in 1967. The mean weights differed 

 significantly between rookeries for each sex 

 (P<0.001). 



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