streams are precipitous and have irregular 

 flows and unstable streambeds. In our limited 

 sampling in these habitats, principally in the 

 Amalik and Kinak Bay areas, we found that 

 most of these streams had no established 

 ichthyofauna. 



The two largest streams along the Shelikof 

 Strait side of the monument are Katmai and 

 Big Rivers. Griggs (1922) has described the 

 physical characteristics, some of them unique, 

 of Katmai River. We collected fish on the east 

 side of Katmai River about 3.2 km, above the 

 mouth and from a clear-water tributary of the 

 river, Martin Creek. Big River, which is 

 about 32.2 km. long, arises to the west of 

 Kaguyak Crater and flows in a large sweeping 

 arc into the northwest corner of Kaguyak Bay 

 (fig. 2). It has alternate stretches of pools and 

 riffles, numerous small oxbows and cutoff 

 meanders, and a low-gradient, slow-flowing 

 lagoon section above the mouth. We collected 

 fish from the main stream and from small 

 flood plain cutoff ponds about 8.0 km. above 

 the mouth. 



Although they are generally small, the sev- 

 eral lakes on the Shelikof Strait side of the 

 monument provide a variety of lentic habitats 

 for fishes in this area. Most of the lakes 

 appear to be of glacial origin and are rela- 

 tively deep for their size. Dakavak Lake, 

 which drains into the head of Dakavak Bay 

 through a 3,2-km.-long outlet stream, is the 



largest-.about 4.8 km. long and 1.0 km. wide. 

 Its watershed is heavily covered with pumice 

 and ash, which give a chalky blue -gray color 

 to the water. The maximum depth is unknown, 

 although gill nets were fished as deep as 21 m. 

 in 1962. Other smaller but generally clear 

 lakes where fish were collected include Kuliak 

 Bay Lake, Kaflia Bay Lake, and Devils Cove 

 Lake. Small hanging lakes with high waterfalls 

 occur at the heads of Amalik and Kinak Bays, 

 but we did not collect from them; we did col- 

 lect, however, in the outlet stream from a 

 turbid glacier lake that forms along the face of 

 Hallo Glacier. 



Most lakes along Shelikof Strait had sum- 

 mer surface temperatures similar to those 

 of lakes of the Naknek River system; Hallo 

 Glacier Lake was only 1° C. in mid-August 

 1964. 



Crater lakes occur in the calderas of Katmai 

 and Kaguyak volcanoes. Although no attempt 

 was made to collect fish in Katmai Crater 

 Lake, one species was collected in Kaguyak 

 Crater Lake. 



Notably lacking in Shelikof Strait drainages 

 is any extensive interconnecting stream-lake 

 complex similar to that in the Naknek system. 

 Except for common marine connections, Sheli- 

 kof Strait streams and lakes in the monument 

 are isolated from Bristol Bay drainages and 

 from each other by mountains of the Aleutian 

 Range. 



METHODS AND EQUIPMENT 



The intensity of fish collecting was much 

 greater in the Naknek River drainage than in 

 either the King Salmon River or the Shelikof 

 Strait drainage. The occurrence and distri- 

 bution of fishes in these two areas involve 

 fewer species, however, and appear less com- 

 plex than the Naknek system. The amount of 

 fish collecting done in any one stream or lake 

 varied greatly, depending on accessibility and 

 the degree to which the location was involved 

 in research on sockeye salmon. No attempt 

 was made to document each collection from 

 the Naknek system because hundreds of col- 

 lections in most of this system have been made 

 by the authors and many others engaged in 

 salmon research. We collected from numerous 

 smaller lakes, ponds, and streams in the Nak- 

 nek system supplemental to salmon research 

 to fill in gaps in the knowledge of fishes in 

 the Naknek system. This report is the first 

 attempt to bring together knowledge gained 

 from this sampling concerning the occur- 

 rence of various species in specific lakes and 

 streams. 



Because of the large size, the remoteness 

 of the area, and the general similarity of the 

 drainages along Shelikof Strait, no attempt was 

 made to collect in all of the streams there. 

 We made about 25 collections at 13 locations 



in Shelikof Strait drainages and 3 collections at 

 2 locations in the King Salmon River system 

 between 1962 and 1964. Locations of collections 

 from Shelikof Strait and King Salmon River 

 areas are shown in figure 2. 



The problems of moving personnel and 

 equipment to certain areas in the monument 

 were challenging. Small boats and amphibious 

 aircraft were available for travel throughout 

 the larger Naknek system lakes. Overland 

 treks were made on foot to small ponds and 

 streams adjacent to larger waterways. We 

 used small single -engine float planes to reach 

 the most remote areas, particularly along 

 Shelikof Strait. With aircraft, we used various 

 sampling methods to collect in remote areas. 

 The procedure usually followed involved a 

 2- or 3-day air trip with a series of stops at 

 collecting sites to set gill nets, small traps, 

 or fyke nets and to make seine and hook and 

 line collections and general observations on 

 fishes at each site. A return flight to the same 

 area on the final day of the trip enabled us to 

 haul the nets and traps left overnight and to 

 process the collections. The collector in re- 

 mote areas frequently wore a neoprene ex- 

 posure suit and searched for fishes by snor- 

 keling along the surface in shallow water. Ex- 

 posure suits were also used during the setting 



