the larger anadromous form was taken inside 

 the monument--at the nnouth of Brooks River, 

 but several were collected in the Naknek River 

 just outside the monument. 



Immature adult Arctic lamprey were com- 

 monly collected during the summer intownets 

 in limnetic areas of Coville, Grosvenor, and 

 Brooks Lakes and of Iliuk Arm, South Bay, 

 and North Arm of Naknek Lake. They were 

 also caught in fyke nets (late sunnmer and fall) 

 from Coville, Grosvenor, and Brooks Rivers. 

 Actively feeding parasitic-phase lampreys 

 were observed attached to sockeye salmon, 

 Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum); pygmy white- 

 fish, Prosopium coulterii -*-" (Eigenmann and 

 Eigenmann); rainbow trout, Salmo gairdnerii 

 Richardson; and threespine stickleback, Gas - 

 terosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, Parasitism by 

 the lamprey, however, is not known to threaten 

 any fish population in the Naknek system. 



Morphologically, the parasitic Arctic lann- 

 prey is alnaost identical with the nonparasitic 

 American brook lamprey, Lampetra lamotteii 

 of eastern North Annerica. Lampetra lamotteii 

 has been reported in Alaska (Wilimovsky, 

 1954; Hubbs and Lagler, 1958), and it was ini- 

 tially believed to occur in the Naknek system. 

 Available evidence suggests, however, that all 

 lamprey in the Naknek system are parasitic 

 (Heard, 1966). The report by Cahalane (see 

 footnote 1) that Lampetra trident ata (Gairdner) 

 occurred in Grosvenor Lake was apparently 

 based on hearsay and cannot be accepted. 



Salmonidae 



Humpback whitefish, Coregonus pidschian 

 (Gmelin),- - Humpback whitefish were collected 

 only in the Naknek system, where they occur 

 in most of the principal lakes. They were col- 

 lected in Iliuk Arm, South Bay, North Arm, 

 and West End of Naknek Lake and in Coville 

 and Grosvenor Lakes but not in Brooks Lake. 

 Apparently, the greatest density of humpback 

 whitefish in the monument is in Coville Lake, 

 although numbers are substantial also in South 

 Bay basin of Naknek Lake. Ripe humpback 

 whitefish were caught in the autumn in South 

 Bay near the mouth of Brooks River but were 

 never observed spawning in the river. Observ- 

 ers in a low-flying aircraft saw thousands of 

 fish on riffles in the lower portion of American 

 Creek on October 27, 1963. The fish were 

 believed to be humpback whitefish spawners 

 from Coville Lake. The taxonomic and phyletic 

 relation of this fish and the lake whitefish, 

 Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill) in Alaska 

 is not clear (Walters, 1955; Lindsey, 1962). 



■"■^Although the American Fisheries Society checklist 

 uses the specific taxon spelling coulteri. the latest judg- 

 ment of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature 

 holds that original spellings of "ii" on patronyms must be 

 retained. This ruling also applies to Lampetra lamotteii 

 (LeSueur) and Salmo gairdnerii Richardson. 



Least Cisco, Coregonus sardinella Valen- 

 ciennes.- -Least Cisco were collected in the 

 Naknek and King Salmon systems. They oc- 

 curred in Coville, Grosvenor, and Naknek 

 Lakes but not in Brooks Lake, although they 

 were occasionally caught in lower Brooks 

 River below the falls. Greenbank (see foot- 

 note 4) collected this species from a small 

 lake east of the head of Bay of Islands which 

 he called "Jo-Jo" Lake. At one time Jo-Jo 

 Lake undoubtedly was continuous with the Bay 

 of Islands, and high water levels may still con- 

 nect the two through a series of marshes; 

 this lake may also drain through a series 

 of nnarshes into the Savonoski River. In the 

 King Salmon River system least cisco were 

 collected in lower Cozy Lake. 



Most least cisco were caught in passive 

 sampling gear such as trap nets and gill nets. 

 The species seemed to escape readily from 

 active sampling gear such as seines, tow nets, 

 and trawls, especially in clearer waters. 



Pink salmon, O ncorhynchus gorbuscha (Wal- 

 baum) .-- Pink salmon were collected in the 

 Naknek and Shelikof Strait systems. They oc- 

 curred in the monument portion of the Naknek 

 system in small numbers: 100 passed through 

 Brooks River weir into Brooks Lake in 1962, 

 and about 200 spawned in Brooks River itself. 

 Spawning pink salmon were observed in Up-a- 

 Tree, One Shot, Hidden, and Headwater Creeks 

 and in Coville River between 1960 and 1964. 



Although accurate counts are few and some 

 locality records are not specific, pink salmon 

 are the most abundant and widely distributed 

 species of salmon on the Shelikof Strait side 

 of the monunnent. They have been reported 

 from every bay along the coastline and prob- 

 ably spawn in streams at the head of most of 

 these bays. Counts of adults through the Kaflia 

 Bay weir in 1929 and 1934 were 291 and 375, 

 respectively. In 1946, 100,000 pink salmon 

 were caught in Swikshak Lagoon. 



We collected and observed pink salmon in 

 the Shelikof Strait area of the monument in 

 1962-64. We saw spawning runs of several 

 thousand fish in Alagogshak Creek, Big River, 

 and the stream that flows from Dakavak Lake 

 into Dakavak Bay, and smaller runs in Katmai 

 River and the principal terminal streams that 

 flow into Amalik and Kuliak Bays and Devils 

 Cove of Kukak Bay. Our observations were 

 made during limited surveys and should only 

 be considered as records of occurrence and 

 not as indicators of total production. We were 

 unable to observe streams in several of the 

 areas, including Kashvik Bay, the main arnn 

 of Kukak Bay, and all of the area east and 

 north of Big River. 



Spawning by pink salmon in Katmai River 

 was somewhat unexpected because the unstable 

 stream bottom of this heavily braided river is 

 composed primarily of water-soaked pumice. 

 Nevertheless, adult pink salmon spawned in 



