Genus ARCTOCEPHALUS E. Geoffroy Saint 

 Hilaire and F. Cuvier, 1826. 



The breeding ranges of the species of 

 Arctocephalus are strictly allopatric; further 

 studies on the relationships of these seals 

 are much needed. A^. philippii stands apart 

 and has been placed in a separate genus or 

 subgenus, Arctophoca Peters, 1866, 



Arctocephalus australis Zimmermann, 1783 

 (South American fur seal). Members of 

 one race (A. a^. australis ) breed among 

 the Falkland Islands; a second race 

 (A. a^, galapagoensis Heller, 1904) among 

 the Galapagos Islands; and a third -rac^e 

 (A. _a. gracilis Nehring, 1887) along the 

 coast from Recife das T6rres, Brazil, 

 to extreme southern Chile. Specific 

 identity of the fur seals of western South 

 America is unknown (see A^. philippii). 

 Alvaro Piazza Larraondo wrote (in litt,, 

 3 June 1965) that about 5,000 fur seals 

 are distributed along Peru from lat. 

 17°42' S. to lat. 13°52' S. 



Arctoc ephalus doriferus Wood Jones, 1925 

 (Australian fur seal). Breeds in scattered 

 groups along coast of southwestern 

 Australia from Eclipse Island, Western 

 Australia, to Kangaroo Island, South 

 Australia; and coast of southeastern 

 Australia from Lady Julia Percy Island, 

 Victoria, to Sydney, N.S.W., including 

 coasts of Tasmania and islands in Bass 

 Strait. King (1964) retained the name 

 A. tasmanicus Scott and Lord, 192 6, for 

 the seals of the latter area. The sys- 

 tematic status of the Australian fur seals, 

 which is much confused, is under study 

 by Judith E. King of the British Museum 

 (Natural History). 



Arctocephalus forsteri Lesson, 1828 (New 

 Zealand fur seal). Breeds around South 

 Island, New Zealand, and on nearby sub- 

 antarctic islands: Chatham, Bounty, Anti- 

 podes, Auckland, Campbell, Macquarie, 

 Snares Islands, Stewart, and Solander. 



Arctocephalus pusillus Schreber, 1776 

 (South African fur seal). Breeds in 

 temperate coastal waters from Cape 

 Cross, South-West Africa, to Algoa Bay, 

 South Africa. Ranges north to Angola in 

 winter. 



Arctocephalus tropicalis Gray, 1872 (sub- 

 antarctic fur seal; Kerguelen fur seal). 

 Subantarctic islands of Atlantic Ocean 

 and Indian Ocean. Members of one race 

 (A . t^, tropicalis ) breed on islands north 

 of the Antarctic Convergence (Tristan 

 da Cunha, Gough, Marion, Prince Edward, 

 Crozet, Amsterdam, and St. Paul); and 

 members of another (A. _t . gazella Peters, 

 1875) on islands south of it (South 



Shetland s, South Orkneys, South Sandwich, 

 South Georgia, Bouvet, Kerguelen, and 

 Heard). One individual of A^. t. tropicalis 

 was recently seen hauled out among A. 

 forsteri on Macquarie Island. 



Arctocephalus philippii Peters, 1866 

 (Guadalupe fur seal). One race A^. p_^ 

 philippii), perhaps now extinct, is cer- 

 tainly known only from Islas Juan 

 Fernandez, west of Chile (see note under 

 A. australis ). Another race (A. p. town- 

 sendi Merriam, 1897) is now known to 

 breed only on Isla Guadalupe, Baja Cali- 

 fornia. Fur seals of unknown identity, 

 thought to be this species, formerly bred 

 from Farallon Islands, Calif., south to 

 Isla Cedros, Baja California. Four seals 

 photographed near Isla Mas a Tierra 

 (Isla Robinson Crusoe) in 1966 may be 

 surviving members of the subspecies 

 philippii. 



Genus CALLORHINUS Gray, 1859 



Callorhinus ur sinus Linnaeus, 1758 (north- 

 ern fur seal). Breeds on the Pribilof 

 and Commander Islands in the Bering 

 Sea, Ostrov Tyuleniy (Robben Island) in 

 the Okhotsk Sea, and the Kuril Islands. 

 Formerly bred on Ostrov lony in the 

 Okhotsk Sea 120 miles north of Sakhalin 

 (Stejneger, 1898, p. 81-82), and possibly 

 on Buldir Island in the Aleutians (Murie, 

 1959, p. 306-307). Seals breeding on 

 different islands are anatomically in- 

 distinguishable. Ranges at sea in winter 

 and spring south to Japan and northern 

 Baja California. 



Family ODOBENIDAE 



Genus ODOBENUS Brisson, 1762 



Odobenus rosmarus Linnaeus, 1758 (walrus). 

 Shallow waters near ice in the Arctic 

 Ocean and adjacent seas. Convention- 

 ally, two races- -Atlantic-Arctic (O. x- 

 rosmarus ) and Pacific- Arctic (O. t_, 

 divergens ELliger, 1815)--are recognized 

 (e.g.. King, 1964, p. 37). The Atlantic 

 race contains two breeding groups: 



(1) Kara Sea to eastern Greenland and 



(2) western Greenland and eastern Canada. 

 The latter population may be subspe- 

 cifically distinct. The Pacific race con- 

 tains one or two breeding groups that 

 have total distribution from Beaufort Sea 

 to Laptev Sea. Mansfield (1959, p. 1) 

 stated the possibility that the herds fre- 

 quenting the Laptev Sea are geograph- 

 ically isolated. 



Family PHOCIDAE 



Genus PHOCA Linnaeus, 1758 



The taxonomy of the genus Phoca in the 

 northwestern Pacific and adjacent seas is 



