FIGURE 2. --COD-END SCENE ILLUMINATED BY 1000-WATT DIVER's LAMP AND 



PHOTOGRAPHED FROM 10-INCH VIEWING MONITOR BY LEICA CAMERA 

 AT 1/25 SEC, F 3.5 KODAK PLUS X FILM. THE FISH IS A COD. 



Cod-End Observation 



Since most escapement is believed to 

 take place in the cod end, we concentrated 

 our efforts on this part of the net. These 

 operations were carried out aboard the 180- 

 foot research vessel Albatross III . The 

 typical New England type "No. 41 Yankee" 

 trawl used in our studies is shown in figure 

 3. Knake (1958) gives a complete descrip- 

 tion of handling methods for this type of 

 trawl. 



The camera housing was supported 

 inside the cod end by a cylindrical iron 

 frame, 4 1/2 feet in diameter and 6 feet 

 long (fig. 4). With accumulator-spring 



linkcige for suspension of the housing, the 

 camera performed well while the net was 

 towed over rough ocean bottoms. With the 

 camera mounted in this manner, we have 

 observed the net continuously throughout 

 tows lasting as long as three hours. 



The operating procedure followed in 

 observing the cod end of trawls is briefly 

 outlined below. 



Warm-up 



While the fishing gear is being 

 readied, the television system is given a 

 15- to 20-minute Wcirm-up and check-out. 

 (Image Orthicon cameras must be tested 



