Table 8.— Spawning areas of sockeye salmon in the Columbia River Basin— past and present 



Num- 

 ber » 



Stream 



Length 



Distance 

 above 

 mouth- 



Spawning areas 



Present 



Past 



Notes 



Rcfci 



1. Deschutes 



River 



lA. 



2B. 



Metolius 

 River 



Snake River 



1.603 



2A. Grande Ronde 



2A1. Wallowa 

 River 



519 



272 

 130 



Sal 



mon Kiver 



641 



2B1. Redfish Lake 

 Creek 



2C. Payette 

 River 



3. Vakima 



River 



317 



299 

 604 



572 



537 



Wen a tehee 

 River 



750 



5. Okanogan 



River 



Lake 



160 



855 



1,264 



None. 



None. 

 None. 



None. 

 Redfish L. 



None. 



Wenatchee L., Little 

 Wcnaichee and 

 White Rivers, 

 Nason Cr. Also re- 

 cently scattered 

 areas in Wenatchee 

 R. from Icicle Cr. 

 junction to its 

 source. 



Okanogan R. above 

 Osoyoos L., some in 

 Osoyoos L. 



None. 



Suttle Lake and 

 tributaries. 



None. 



None. 



Tributaries to 

 Wallowa L. and 

 shoals of upper part 

 of lake. 



None. 



Same as present. 



Payette L. area. 



Cle Elum, Kachess, 

 Keechelus. and 

 Bumping Lakes and 

 tributaries. 



Same as present. 



Tributaries of 

 Okanogan and 

 Skaha L. Also 

 Palmer L. and its 

 inlet stream. 

 Sinlahekin Cr. 



Arrow L. area 

 and tributaries. 



Suttle L. supported small run of sockeye 

 salmon before 1930's. Runs blocked by 

 1.2-ni. power clam and stationary upright 

 screen at ouikl. Sockeye salmon stocked 

 10 years in I'elton Reservoir; 289 adults 

 returned to Pclton Dam 1956-61 and 

 transplanted above dam to spawn. Run 

 has since diminished. 



Used as passageway. 



Formerly used as passageway. 



Wallowa L. supported fair-sized runs be- 

 fore turn of century. Already depleted 

 run finished off in 1929 when I2-m. dam 

 constructed at outlet of lake. Stationary 

 screen placed at outlet to retain kokanee 

 and trout. Wallowa L. regarded as ex- 

 cellent rearing area. Spawning gravel 

 used by kokanee in inlet mostly destroyed 

 by dredging and channelization during 

 1960"s. Kokanee decimated. O.G.C. 

 restocked lake with Canadian kokanee 

 and created spawning areas. 



Used as migration route. 



Shoals, particularly on eastern shore of 

 lake, are only spawning areas used by 

 sockeye salmon. Kokanee or small red- 

 fish use Redlish L. Cr. above lake. 

 Spawning areas not large. 



System blocked in 1914 by dam. Ever- 

 mann (1896a, 1896b) reported that large 

 runs frequented this stream. Of the three 

 Payette lakes (Payette, Lower Payette, 

 Lpper Payette). Payette was apparently 

 only good spawning areas located at in- 

 let of Payette and Upper Payette Lakes. 



All four V'akima lakes had good sockeye 

 salmon runs before dam construction at 

 outlets. No fishways or fish-passage de- 

 vices were provided. Spawning in lakes 

 and streams tributary to lakes. Not re- 

 ported in literature but sockeye salmon 

 known to have existed in Bumping L. 

 before dam at outlet.* Bumping R. is 

 tributary to American R,, a tributary 

 of the Naches R. 



Now one of the large producers in Co- 

 lumbia R. Basin. Original runs depleted 

 during early I900's. After improvements 

 in 1933-38, under salvage program, some 

 of the salmon passing Rock Island Dam 

 were diverted to Wenatchee R. Excel- 

 lent spawning areas in the main tribu- 

 taries to Wenatchee L. Leavenworth 

 National Fish Hatchery reared part of 

 run until 1965. 



This is the other large producer in the 

 Columbia Basin. Early runs were large. 

 .\% mentioned above for Wenatchee, the 

 Okanogan was recipient of Grand Coulee 

 stocks. Good spawning areas in main 

 stem above Osoyoos L. 



Combined length of Lower and Upper 

 Arrow Lakes is about 160 km.; believed 

 to have been producing about 85 per- 

 cent of Columbia run before 1939 (when 

 Grand Coulee Dam was built). Sockeye 

 salmon probably used most of many 

 tributaries of lakes. Lakes Whatshan, 

 Slocan, Kinbaskct, Windermere, and Co- 

 lumbia were probably producers of this 

 species. Also, Chapman (1943) reported 

 that sockeye salmon were present in 

 Kuskanax Cr.. tributary to Upper Arrow 

 L. in 1938. 



20, 22 

 20, 22 



26, 33 



9. 10, 11. 



19, 27 



9, 10. 11, 

 19, 27 



9, 10. 11, 



19, 27 



2, 31 



2, ♦. 6, 7. 

 13, 15, 16, 

 18, 37 



2, 4, 6, 7, 

 13, IS, 16. 

 18, 37 



^ The streams are listed in numerical sequences, proceeding upstream from the mouth of the Columbia. Streams that are direct tributaries of the Co- 

 lumbia arc identified by numerals only; subtributaries are designated by a combination of numerals and letters. 

 ^ LoLaiion in kilometers above mouth of Columbia or kilometers above mjulh of contributing drainage. 

 ■' References are numbered to facilitate location in Literature Cited. 

 * I'ersonal communication, Kingslcy G. U'eber, Fishery Biologist. BCF Biological Laboratory, Seattle, Wash, 98102, December 10, 1965. 



25 



