o TRAUMA 



X MALNUTRITION 



INFECTION (BACTERIAL, VIRAL) 

 HOOKWORM DISEASE 



Figure 7.— Frequency of the most prevalent primary causes of death among pups, Reef Rookery study area, St. 



Island, 28 June to 22 August 1966. 



Paul 



Table 4. --Distribution of primary causes of death among pups, by age, 

 Reef Rookery study area, St. Paul Island, 28 June to 22 August 1966 



5. Miscellaneous causes of death: Five 

 pups died of miscellaneous causes. Two were 

 stillborn, one had a ruptured umbilical hernia 

 with eventration of viscera, one had a cardio- 

 vascular anomaly (ventricular septal defect and 

 persistent right aortic arch), and one died of im- 

 paction of retained meconium (fig. 8). The last 

 condition is not uncommon as a cause of death in 

 foals during the first 72 hours of life but appar- 

 ently has not been reported in marine mammals . 



6. Comparison of pup mortality in 1964 and 

 1966: Table 5 compares causes of death from 

 9 July to 22 August in 1964 and 1966. No direct 



Figure 8. — Impaction of the colon with retained meconium In a fur seal pup, St. Paul 



Island, 1 July 1966. 



