GLOSSARY 



The following terms used in fur seal research and nraanagement on the Pribilof 

 Islands have special meanings or are not readily found in standard dictionaries. 



Checkmark A notch, slit, hole, or other mark 

 made on a seal flipper when a tag is ap- 

 plied, to ensure later recognition of an 

 animal that has lost its tag. See marked 

 and lost tag. 

 Drive The act of surrounding and moving 

 groups of seals on land fromone location 

 to another. 

 Escapement Seals that were not killed be- 

 cause they were too old, too large, or not 

 available. 

 Female kill That part of the annual harvest 

 devoted principally to the kill of female 

 seals, usually in August. See male kill. 

 Handling The act of driving, holding, and re- 

 straining seals for marking. 

 Hauling ground An area, usually near a rook- 

 ery, on which nonbreeding seals con- 

 gregate. See rookery. 

 Haul out The act of seals moving from the 

 sea to a rookery or hauling ground on 

 shore. 

 Homing tendency The inclination of seals to 

 return to the rookery where they were 

 born. 

 Known age Applied to seals for which age is 

 definitely known because they bear an 

 inscribed tag or have a certain com- 

 bination of tag- scar and checkmark. 

 Lost -tag Applied to a seal known to have been 



tagged because of a checkmark. 

 Lost-tag-to-tag ratio The number of seals 

 that have lost tags as compared with the 

 number retaining tags. 

 Male kill That part of the annual harvest 

 devoted principally to the kill of male 

 seals, usually in late June, in July, and 

 in early August. See female kill. 

 Mane Long, silver- colored guard hairs on the 

 shoulders and on back of the neck--a 

 secondary sex characteristic of males. 



The mane appears on some males at age 

 5, on most at age 6, and on all at age 7 



and older. 



Marked Seals that have been tagged or sheared 



so that they can be identified. Removing 



a digit from a flipper, cutting a V-notch 



in the leading edge of a front flipper near 



the tip. or slicing off the tip of a front 



flipper are also examples of marking. 



These marks, when applied to seals m 



conjunction with tags, are considered 



checkmarks. See checkmark and lost-tag. 



Marked -to -unmarked ratio The number of 



marked seals compared with the number 



of unmarked seals. 



Pregnancy rate Percentage of females that 



were carrying or had borne pups in the 



year of exannination. 



Rookery An area on which breeding seals 



congregate. 

 Round The sequence in which hauling grounds 

 on St. Paul Island are visited to collect 

 seals for harvest. When used, a circuit 

 or round of the hauling grounds is com- 

 pleted in 5 days and the procedure is 

 repeated throughout the kill of males. 

 Calculate the mean round of the kill by 

 multiplying the round number by the num- 

 ber killed in that round and dividing the 

 cumulative product by the cumulative kill. 

 Round-up The act of surrounding and collect- 

 ing seals to be driven for harvesting, 

 tagging, or other purposes. 

 Tagged Describes a seal having an inscribed 

 metal tag or tags attached to one or more 

 of its flippers. 

 Tae recoveries includes tags recovered, 

 marked seals recovered, and seals iden- 

 tified from checkmarks as having lost 

 their tags. See checkmark, marked, and 

 lost-tag. 



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