each kilocram (2.2 pounds) of headless shrimp. The "patron" or boat captain, 

 depending upon the efficiency of the individual, received either one-third . 

 or hP percent of the proceeds from the catch. The remainder was divided 

 equally among the rest of the crevj. The boat captains averaged annually 

 betirecn ^;;900 and <.:;.1,100, and other crew members between i^^OO and t?^SO» 



Some privately oimed boats I'.'ere paid as much as $ soles (about 

 26 cents) for each Idlograin of headless shrimp and each crew member x/as 

 allox/ed 8 soles (about I42 cents) a day for food. In these instances the 

 boats were better outfitted, and the captains were foreigners and not local 

 fishermen. The better captains were paid as much as 3 soles (about I6 cents), 

 the engineer 80 cen+,avos 55/( about h cents), and the hands kO to 60 centavos 

 (2 to 3 cents), ■'..pending upon their number. With an average catch of 2 to 

 3 tons a month uhe annual wages of the crew were: captain, sl;3>750 to 

 15,600; engineer, ^IjOOO to <?1,500; hands, :;^500 to CAA25* 



The fishermen do not belong to labor organizations* 



There xrere only tt/o boats fishing for shrimp in October, 1955. 

 One, a 65-foot boat, was powered by a 120-horsepower Diesel engine and 

 hancUed a 2U-foot beam trawl. Tlie other, a ^U-foot, 2-mast, steel-hulled 

 German trawler, had a 75-horsepoirer Diesel engine and used a ItO-foot Gulf 

 of Mexico flat trawl« The trawl was rigged vrith. gallows and fished from 

 the starboard side, using a 2~drura winch and steel towing cables. The trawl 

 was of 2-inch stretched mesh, l8-thread in the wings and l|2-thread in the 

 tail, made from Peruvian webbing. The net, without boards, cost about i?100. 



This boat carried a 5~man crew v:ho normally finished 6 days, 

 continuously day and night, each trip. The daylight hauls averaged 2 hours 

 and the night hauls U hours each. 



llie smaller boats, wliich vrere in operation vjhen the fishery was 

 at its peak, x;ere converted swordlish boats of UO to k$ feet in length 

 with 25- to 50-horsepower gasoline engines. In the beginning these boats 

 used 20- to 22-foot beam travrls, but later changed to 35-foot flat shrinp 

 trawls. Rope towlines were used x^rliich were hauled on niggerheads. 



The total investment, including gear in storage, was estimated 

 to be about 5ja00,C00. 



Insurance, total-loss, cost 3r percent for diesel-engined boats 

 and 5 percent for gas-engined. Diesel fuel was 50 soles (about (f2.6l) for 

 a 55-gallon drum. Ice was ;iJ10 per ton. A fisliing permit is required, but 

 no charge is involved for loca]. or foreign boats fishing for Peruvian com- 

 panies. Fishermen are not required to be licensed. 



55/ There are 100 centavos to a sole. 



ll!9 



