In September, station 37 was normal as usual, 

 but the river, 50 yards above the bascule bridge, 

 showed almost critical conditions with an oxygen 

 saturation of 55 percent, pH of 7.2, chloride con- 

 tent of 37. 8 p. p. m. , 7.0 p. p. m. of free carbon di- 

 oxide, and a turbidity of 40 p. p. m. 



The gradation in figure 42 and the other analy- 

 ses show that the polluted waters of the Ashtabula 

 River are diluted to safe conditions for fish life out- 

 side the river mouth. There is no indication that the 

 waters of Ashtabula River have any harmful influence 

 on the lake beyond the local effect in the river and 

 harbor. 



Station 38 



Conditions on the first 3 cruises were normal at 

 station 38, off Fairport, with the exception of the 

 chloride content. Great differences were found be- 

 tween the chloride values at the bottom and at the 

 surface. In June and August the bottom chloride con- 

 tent was 3 p. p. m. greater than that of the surface, 

 while in July the surface content exceeded that of 

 the bottom by 4 p. p. m. In September both the top 

 and bottom results agreed, but were higher than 

 normal for the lake. This fluctuation was due to the 

 dumping of industrial waste into the lake, probably 

 at Fairport. This waste must be of considerable con- 

 centration when added to the lake water, as it could 

 be detected at a distance of 3 1/2 miles out of Fair- 

 port. With the exception of a case at Toledo, this 

 is the greatest distance that waste could be detected 

 directly out in the lake from its point of entry. There 

 is also the possibility of phenolic wastes entering the 

 lake here. 



Cleveland 



If any of the wastes dumped into the lake at 

 Cleveland did affect the water for a distance of 7 

 miles out into the lake, the effect would not be like- 

 ly to show up at station 46, as this station lay too 

 far to the west of Cleveland. The general drift of 

 the lake water is to the northeast of Cleveland, and 

 consequently, would carry wastes away from station 

 46. This station was normal at the surface through- 

 out the summer. 



In July a sample was taken in the Cuyahoga 

 River about 25 yards below the New York Central 



Railroad bridge, which crosses the river near its mouth . 

 The conditions found here were the worst encoun- 

 tered on the lake. The oxygen saturation was 3. 3 

 percent; the chloride content was 46. 5 p. p, m. ; the 

 free carbon dioxide amounted to 21. 5 p.p. m.; tur- 

 bidity reached 125 p.p. m. ; and the color was very 

 high. The high turbidity and color of the water were 

 due to suspended matter, iron contributing most of the 

 color. The odor of the river was musty and an oil 

 film covered the surface. This mass of polluted water 

 extended beyond the breakwall, where a distinct line 

 showed the beginning of the clear lake water. 



A sample was taken at the United States Engineer's 

 dock on August 19, about 50 yards from the city pier at 

 East Ninth Street. Here an oxygen saturation of 67 

 percent was found, with 24. 2 p. p. m. of chloride; pH 

 of 7. 6; 3. 1 p. p. m. of carbon dioxide; and a turbidity 

 of 40 p. p. m. The color of the harbor water was dirty 

 brown, clearing up a little in the open parts of the 

 harbor. 



On the same day 5 samples were obtained on a 

 line running directly out of the river into the lake. 

 The first sample was taken about 50 yards off the 

 mouth of the river. The water's color was deep red, 

 and the extent of the undiluted river water could be 

 easily traced. The surface was covered with oil, and 

 the musty odor was strong and disagreeable. 



The second sample was taken within the protec- 

 tive breakwall of the main entrance to the harbor. This 

 point was in mid -channel, about 50 yards from the 

 main breakwall light. Two hundred yards off the main 

 breakwall light the red color was still present. A 

 third sample was taken there. The colored water ex- 

 tended about 400 yards off the main Ught, and a 

 fourth sample was taken at that distance. A few yards 

 beyond this point a very sharp break showed the limits 

 of the polluted water. A fifth sample was taken just 

 outside of the break. 



It will be seen from figure 43 that critical con- 

 ditions existed in the river and persisted, with little 

 improvement, to the breakwall. However, 200 yards 

 off the entrance the water, though far from normal, 

 was out of the critical region. At 400 yards off, the 

 analysis showed the presence of worse conditions 

 than were found in the preceding sample. However, 

 the water improved remarkably in the next 10 yards, 

 and from there on out into the lake improvement was 

 regular. 



119 



