integrate within 12 months of their time of 

 death. 



5. Low levels of dissolved oxygen and high 

 levels of free carbon dioxide and ammoniacal 

 nitrogen in the intragravel water in summer 

 1962 may have been partly due to the B.O.D. 

 of decomposing 1961 brood year eggs. The 

 evidence did not contradict the hypothesis that 

 the quality of the spawningbed environment 

 can sometimes be reduced for periods in 

 excess of 1 year by decomposing eggs. 



LITERATURE CITED 



AHNELL, WARREN HARRY. 



1961. New methods for sampling bottom 

 fauna and periphyton in salmon spawn- 

 ing gravels. Master of Science Thesis, 

 University of Washington, Seattle, 83 p. 



BRIGGS, JOHN C. 



1953. The behavior and reproduction of 

 salmonid fishes in a small coastal 

 stream. California Department of Fish 

 and Game, Fish Bulletin No. 94, 62 p. 



COCHRAN, WILLIAM C. 



1943. Analysis of variance for percentage 

 based on unequal numbers. Journal of 

 the American Statistical Association, 

 vol. 38, p. 287-301. 



GANGMARK, HAROLD A., and ROBERT D. 

 BROAD. 

 1955. Experimental hatching of king salmon 

 in Mill Creek, a tributary of the Sacra- 

 mento River. California Fish and Game, 

 voL 41, no. 3, p. 233-242. 



HOBBS, DERISLEY F. 



1937. Natural reproduction of quinnat 

 salmon, brown and rainbow trout in 

 certain New Zealand waters. New Zea- 

 land Marine Department, Fisheries Bul- 

 letin No. 6, 104 p. 



HUNTER, J. G. 



1959. Survival and production of pink and 

 chum salmon in a coastal stream. 

 Journal of the Fisheries Research Board 

 of Canada, vol. 16, no. 6, p. 835-886. 



KAGANOVSKII, A. G. 



1949. Some problems of the biology and 

 population dynamics of pink salmon. 

 Izvestiya tikhookeanskogo nauchno- 

 issledovatel'skogo instltuta rybnogo 

 khozyaistva i okeanografil, vol. 31, 

 p. 3-57. (Translation from Pacific 

 Salmon, Published for National Science 

 Foundation and U.S. Department of the 

 Interior by Israel Program for Scien- 

 tific Translations Jerusalem 1961, p. 

 127-183.) 



MATHISEN, OLE A. 



1962. The effect of altered sex ratios on 

 the spawning of red salmon. In Koo, 

 Ted S.Y. (editor). Studies of Alaska red 

 salmon, p. 137-246. Publications in 

 Fisheries, vol, 1, University of Wash- 

 ington, Seattle. 



MERRELL, THEODORE R., JR. 



1962. Freshwater survival of pink salmon 

 at Sashin Creek, Alaska. In N,J. Wlli- 

 movsky (editor). Symposium on pink 

 salmon, p. 59-72. H.R. MacMillan Lec- 

 tures in Fisheries, University of British 

 Columbia, Vancouver. 



Mcdonald, j. g, 



I960, A possible source of error in as- 

 sessing the survival of Pacific salmon 

 eggs by redd sampling. The Canadian 

 Fish Culturist, issue 26, p. 27-30. 



McNEIL, WILLIAM J, 



1962a, Mortality of pink and chum salmon 

 eggs and larvae in Southeast Alaska 

 streams. Ph. D. Thesis, University of 

 Washington, Seattle, 270 p, 



1962b. Variations in the <5 jsolved oxygen 

 content of intragravel water in four 

 spawning streams of Southeastern 

 Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 

 Special Scientific Report — Fisheries 

 No, 402, 15 p. 



McNEIL, WILLIAM J., and WARREN A. 

 AHNELL. 

 1964. Size composition of bottom materials 

 in pink salmon spawning beds, U.S, 

 Fish and Wildlife Service, Special 

 Scientific Report—Fisheries No. 469, 

 15 p. 



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