Three sizes of cotton twine, either tarred or untreated, should be provided. 

 Tarred twine has the disadvantage of "burning" if stored in bales for more than a few 

 months. For hand line fishing, the sizes aliould be #20, #40, and #60. This twine is 

 put up in hanks of two to four pounds each. For making seines, cotton seine twine of 

 sizes #9, #12, and #15 will be found suitable. For making throw nets, linen twine of 

 sizes #20 and #25 will be satisfactory. Approximately two pounds of linen twine are 

 required to make one net and the twine comes in half pound coils. 



Stainless steel leader wire is ordinarily packaged in quartei^pound coils. 

 Ihese should be obtained in sizes 9, 11, 14, and 16. 



For trolling it is necessary to have swivels of the so-called "barrel" type, 

 which should be pixscured in sizes known as small, medium, and large. Ihese must be of 

 brass. 



For making spears, steel rods in lengths of four feet or over^ should be obtained, 

 in sizes of l/^ inch and 3/8 inch diameter. 



3. Construction of Fishing Vessels for Native Use 



In the Pelaus, Salpan, Truk, and Ponape the natives are now very much dependent on 

 reconditioned Japanese ssunpans for transportation and such offshore fishing, as they are 

 able to do. Outside of these, they have only their own sailing and paddling outrigger 

 canoes. With few exceptions, the motor vessels they obtained from the Japanese axe in very 

 bad condition, ooth as to hull and engines, ilany are povrered with Japanese one-cylinder 

 semi-diesel enginesj others with heavy duty gasoline engines, burning about 60 octane fuel. 

 The majority of these vessels cannot be expected to last over another three years - many 

 not over a year. Some means must be foimd for replacing these boats, ranging in length 

 from 30 to 65 feet. They cannot be replaced with military vessels because of unsuitability, 

 high cost of purchase, lack of maintenance facilities (includi^ig parts), and cost of oper- 

 ation and maintenance. 



The natives need a type of vessel on the order of the Japanese sampan to be powered 

 with a similar type engine, modified to operate on our 50 cetane diesel fuel. 



B. RECOUUEimATIOKS 



Following are the recommendations for the administration of the fisheries of the foirmer 

 Japanese luandated Islands: 



1. Immediate 



(1) Revalidate immediately the conservation measures adopted by the Japanese (1936 

 revision) for the protection of marine resoxirces. The Japanese fisheries regulations were 

 sound and should remain in force until further study shows a need for modification. 



The natives are thoroughly familiar vdth the Japanese conservation measures, 

 and it is recoiimended that they be put into effect again. These regulations will be found 

 in Civil Affairs Hand Books for various areas arid are summarized in Civil Affairs Guide 

 OPNAV 50E-20, dated I5 August 1944, entitled "The Fishing Industry of the Japanese Mandated 

 Islands", The use of poisons, explosives, and electricity in the talking of sea foods was 

 expressly forbidden except by permission. In view of the maj^y accidents which have occurred, 

 especially from the use of Japanese hand grenades, the prohibition in regard to the use of 

 explosives should be rigidly enforced. The use of poisons also should be strictly controll- 

 ed, since they destroy large numbers of small fish. Tecporary exceptions may be made in 

 certain places, such as Koror in the Palaus, Truk, and Ponape, where unusual shortages of 

 sea food warrant the use of poisons as an emergency measure. 



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