66 



July (82°-8) and August (81°-3), and lowest in the winter 

 months of December (57°"3), January (56°-3), and February 

 (55°"4), contingent with Egypt lying within the zones of 

 80°— 90° in the summer, and of 50°— 60° in the winter iso- 

 thermal lines. The mean hygrometer at all the stations 

 was highest in the winter months of November (71), De- 

 cember (74), January (73), and February (70), and lowest 

 in the summer months of May (GO'S), June (60-7), and July 

 (60), which is probably due to the presence or absence of 

 the winter rains or Nile floods over the Eastern flats of the 

 delta. There would appear to be no records of the amounts 

 of the winds, or of the quantities of the rainfall, or the spe- 

 cific gravities or temperatures of the waters of the lakes in 

 the district of the canal, which would all have been of great 

 scientific interest in considering the conditions of the cli- 

 mates before and after the opening of the Suez Canal for 

 navigation. 



It seems stated that N. winds prevail generally over all 

 the others in the district, blowing from the Mediterranean 

 sea ; but at Port Said the winds incline frequently to the 

 W., or even S.W. ones are observable in the winter, coming 

 from across the delta of Egypt. At Ismailia the prevailing 

 winds are N. and N.N.E., and in the spring they blow some- 

 times from the S.W. ; but in the summer the direction lies 

 invariably from N.N.W. to N.N.E., and are called the Ete- 

 sian winds. At Suez the conditions of the winds are like 

 those of Ismailia, with, in addition, some sea breezes from 

 the direction of Suez bay. It is also generally stated that 

 the rains are more frequent now than they were before the 

 canal works were begun, and thick fogs are very often now 

 encountered on the lakes, as dense as any in London or 

 Paris. 



"Notes on the Hydrology of the Suez Canal for 1871-2." 



The following remarks on the nature of the waters of the 



Suez Canal, as they are afiected by physical or climatal 



conditions, are prepared from five sets of observations taken 



in five voyages through it during the months of February, 



