Manchester Memoirs, Vol. Iviii. (1914), No. d. 9 



Birds seen in January or February may be safely looked 

 upon as wintering, but the occasional small flocks in 

 autumn and spring are birds which are merely stopping 

 for rest or refreshment. 



The Pied Wagtail occurs as a breeding species in 

 spring, more rarely as a winter visitor, and in considerable 

 numbers as a passage migrant, A favourite nesting 

 place at Rostherne is on the rafters of the boathouse, 

 where, in 191 3, we ringed one brood on May 29th, and a 

 second in the same nest on August i6th. In both cases 

 the young were just ready to fly. 



The White Wagtail is only known as a passage 

 migrant, and is not common : it is more frequently 

 noticed on the spring than the autumn passage, but 

 the reason of this is that the adult birds in spring dress 

 are more easily recognized than autumn adults or birds of 

 the year. 



It is open 

 Parus major newtoiii Prazak. to question 



Parus caem/eus obsacrus Prazak. whether 



Parus ater britan}uciis'^h2iX^Q.^.x\diT)xQ's,s>Qr. any of the 

 Parus palustris dresseri Stejneger. Titmice 



Parus atricapillus kleiiiscJiDiidti Hellmayr. should be 



included 

 as waterside birds, and yet the visits of two or three 

 species to the reeds are so regular that we are in- 

 duced to include all the five species which nest in the 

 woods — often within a few yards of the bank. The larger 

 Great Titmouse is not so frequent a visitor to the reeds as 

 the Blue, Coal and Marsh Titmice, and the Willow Tit- 

 mouse is a much rarer bird than the others, but we have 

 seen it conducting its young through the reeds. The Blue 

 Titmouse is so regular a bird in the reeds that it must have 

 considerable influence in the reduction of those insects 



