8 Faraday, Irish Influence on Icelandic Literature. 



was unknown in Norway, where there were large forests ; it was 

 different in Iceland, where wood was scarcer. Turf was there, 

 as in Ireland and the Scottish Isles, the ordinary fuel. 



2. 77/6' Sfas;^ {hjortr), Helgi Hundin^shani, I. 49^. Gic^- 

 riinarkvi\a^ 68.^ The stag was known outside the British Isles, 

 e.g.^ in Norway ; and Hjortr is found as a proper name in 

 Landnamab6k. 



3. Red-deer {raii'^-dyri), which is never mentioned by name 

 in the poems, though Bugge^ agrees with Dr. Bjbrn Magnusson 

 (3lsen^ in adopting Dr. Finnur J6nsson's emendation hosum 

 dyrum (grey deer) for the MS. hvossom dyrom^ (keen deer) in 

 Helgi Hiindingsbatii II., and in taking this as an allusion to the 

 red deer. He omits the line, however, from his own edition of 

 the poem. 



4. Goatiierdingi^ Helgi Hundingshani^ I., 34; Rigsmdl., 12. 

 Goats, too, were kept outside the British Isles ; Professor Bugge 

 acknowledges that they were herded in Norway. 



5. Swineherding,^ Helgi Httidifigsbiuii, I., 34, R/gsn/dl, 12, 

 is also not peculiar to the British Isles, as Professor Bugge agrees. 

 His argument that these two occupations were held in especial 

 contempt in Ireland is unconvincing ; in any country they would 

 have been unworthy of such warriors as Sinfiotli or Gut^mundr. 

 There are articles in Grdgds, concerning swineherding^'- ; and 

 sz'ln, like geitr, is common as an element in place names in 

 Landnama. 



Of the other examples shortly given by Professor 



^ Helgedigtene, \>. 1 14; Hoi>ie of I lie Eddie Poems, p. 118. Corpus 

 Poetieum, p. Ix. 



-' Kakka hirtir (the ring-harts), a kenning for ships. 

 3 Corpus Poetieiim I., 326. Facs. p. 73, 1. 9. Omitted in Bugge's edition. 

 * Helgedigtene, p. 113. Home of the Eddie Poems, p. llS. 

 ° Timarit hiits Jslenzica Bokmentajjelags, 1894, p. 59. 

 « Facs. p. 73, 1. 9, omitted in Bugge's edition. 

 7 Hel^edi^/ene, p. 117, f., Home of the Eddie Poems, p. 118, f. 

 ^ Passage omitted in Bugge's edition. 

 Helgedigtene, p. I17 ; cf. Corpus Poetieiim, p. lix. 

 i» Grdgds, Cod. Reg. (ed. Vilhjahnur Finsen, Kbbenhavn), art. 207. 



