Manchester Mevwirs, Vol. xlvt. {igo2), No. 10. 31 



require a solution of these problems, intimately affecting, 

 as they do, not only man's present and final happiness, but 

 also the peace of the world. Meanwhile, whatever 

 justification some men may find by remaining in doubt 

 or suspense of judgment on these questions, the denial 

 of the reality of primary and ultimate causes, in any and 

 every mode of their existence, is a profound error, as 

 well as an indubitable mark of a survival of the lowest 

 stage of simian intellect. " Look out," says Hume, in his 

 Natural History of Religion, 1755, "for a people entirely 

 destitute of religion : if you find them at all, be assured 

 that they are but a few degrees removed from brutes." 

 " All nature is but art, unknown to thee ; 

 All chance, direction, which thou canst not see ; 

 All discord, harmony not understood ; 

 All partial evil, universal good : 

 And spite of pride, in erring reason's spite, 

 One truth is clear, Whatever is, is right." 



It is not a little remarkable that, while so much 

 thought and labour have been bestowed on the invention 

 and use of instrumental appliances for the observation of 

 natural phenomena, so little attention has been given to 

 the powers and the action of that bodily instrument 

 through which all things are perceived and all knowledge 

 is derived. Hence the egregious errors which some 

 specialists in the physical sciences fall into, when dealing 

 with subjects in close relation to those in which they 

 have acquired their well-merited reputations. Thus we 

 find several of these modern disciples of Protagoras fixing 

 limits to the universe, and numbering and weighing up 

 all the celestial bodies contained therein, without any 



