8 Watson, The larger Coal Measure Amphibia. 



however, very clear, and it is possible that the broad bar 

 which reaches forward is really formed by the ethmoid or 

 parasphenoid, the pterygoids being terminated by sutures. 

 The greater part of the palatal surface of the pterygoid is 

 covered with a shagreen of small sharp teeth. 



There is no transverse bone, the Palatine extending 

 back to the end of the maxilla. It is generally similar to 

 that of '' l^oxommal' hwX. instead of two large teeth has 

 only one, the hinder being represented b}' eight or nine 

 small teeth, arranged in a close set row parallel to the 

 edge of the maxilla. 



The Pre-vomer is a small bone bearing one very large 

 tooth and a replacing tooth or its pit. Just behind and 

 outside the tusk is a small notch which forms the anterior, 

 internal, and posterior borders of the posterior naris. The 

 appearance of two articulated skulls and an isolated bone 

 seem to shew definitely that the Pre-vomers did not meet 

 in the middle line. 



The two types just described, which come from the 

 Middle Coal Measures, agree in all their more striking 

 features. The occurrence of a single basioccipital condyle, 

 of very reptilian processi basipterygoidei, of very large 

 pterygoids, which leave only a small inter-pterygoid 

 vacuity divided by a narrow parasphenoid, separate them 

 off very distinctly from all Permian and Triassic Stegoce- 

 phalia and are certainly primitive features. The type skull 

 of Anthracosaurus gives direct evidence that the same 

 type of palate occurs in the Lower Carboniferous in the 

 oldest known amphibian, and the type specimen of 

 Baphcics gives less complete evidence of its occurrence in 

 the Coal Measures of Nova Scotia. The lower jaw des- 

 cribed by Moodie as ^ Erpetosuchns kansensis is exactly 



* Tlie name F.)h'tosiiihus is preoccupied by E. T. Newion, 1S94, for a 

 genus of Thecodonts from tiie Trias of Elgin 



