MancJiesUr Memoirs, Vol. hii. (191 3)> ^''-'- * *■ 9 



into a bar 1 1 inch by | (five-eighths) inch. A piece of the 

 same bar I have still in my possession. The bar could be 

 bent to a fair extent, but broke with a crystalline fracture. 

 Analysis gave :- ^^^ ^^^^ 



Carbon 1'^=^"- 



Silicon °°99 



Sulphur °°^^ 



Phosphorus ... • • ° 753 



Arsenic ..- • ■ "! " 



Manganese ... •■• "! • 



Copper ... "»1. 



Iron ... 99080 



The bricks by the tuyeres were completely eaten away, 

 and it was evident that if the operation had been earned on 

 much further the metal would have penetrated the brick- 

 work so energetic was the chemical action that took place. 



This experiment was considered so promising, that 

 Mr Menelaus instructed me to erect a small furnace— the 

 plans being supplied by Mr. Henr)' Bessemer— similar in 

 every respect lo the experimental furnace that was in use at 

 Baxter House, St. Pancras. 



In the meantime I had personally seen the experiments 

 made at Baxter House, and had had opportunities of 

 testing and examining the metal made at Dowlais, as well as 

 that made at the London St. Pancras Works. 



It was at once apparent that no phosphorus was 

 separated from the pig. The pig used by Mr. Bessemer 

 was the best Blaenavon foundry-iron. The iron made from 

 this worked fairly well for a time, and I almost succeeded in 

 making a half-inch nut. Unfortunately, just as it was 

 finished, it broke in two, proving that the metal was not 

 workable. 



Mr. Bessemer's opinion was that the most common 

 for-^e-iron could be used. The furnace referred to above 

 was erected between Nos. 16 and 17 blast-furnaces, both 

 working on ordinary forge-iron, chiefly used to produce 

 common puddle-bar for the manufacture of rails. 



A small blowing cylinder was erected to supply a blast of 

 from 7 to lolb. pressure to iht; furnace. After warming up 

 the furnace, from 7 to S cwt. of molten forge-iron was run 

 m, and the metal was blown from 20 to 25 minutes. The 

 usual reactions took place, the cinder was run^ off, and a 

 small ingot, about 6 inches square, was cast. This was at 

 once taken to the forge and put under a crocodile-squeezer. 



