lo Lange, Bessevier, Goransson and MnsJiet. 



The result was that the ingot all went to powder, amidst the 

 hearty cheers and shouts of the puddlers. I succeeded, 

 however, in securing a corner of the ingot, and, with very- 

 careful manipulation under the squeezer, made a small 

 bloom. This was rolled in the puddle-bar rolls into a bar 

 3 to 4ft. long. On testing it, I found it broke lengthways 

 and crossways, and was as brittle as glass. 



The experiment was considered so unsatisfactory, that 

 no further experiments were carried out, although I had a 

 very strong opinion at the time that ultimately the process 

 would be successful, as, from experiments I had made, I 

 found that, on melting the best cable bolt-iron in pots, the 

 iron after fusion became very red-short and could not be 

 worked unless some metallic manganese was added to it. 



The popular opinion at this time, after the experiments 

 made, was very unfavourable to the Bessemer process. 



A rail was rolled at Dowlais from an ingot made by 

 Mr. Henry Bessemer at Baxter House. It rolled perfectly, 

 but broke while hot. 



I have a piece from the broken end, and enclose an 

 analysis of the rail, and also one of Blaenavon foundry-pig, 

 whicli was the metal used for the blow. 



First Bessemer Rail Rolled. 



Per cent. 



Carbon ... ... ... ... Trace. 



Silicon ... ... .... ... ... Trace. 



Sulphur ... ... ... ... 0-235 



Phosphorus ... ... ... ... 0-516 



Arsenic... ... ... ... ... nil. 



Manganese ... ... ... ... nil. 



Copper... ... ... ... ... nil. 



Iron ... ... ... ... ... 99-249 



Pig used for above Bessemer Rail." 

 Carbon... ... ... ... ... 3-40 



Silicon ... ... ... ... ... 1-36 



Sulphur ... ... ... ... 0-07 



Phosphorus ... ... ... ... 0*29 



INIanganese ... ... ... ... 028 



Yours, etc., 

 2, City Road, EDWARD RiLEY. 



London, E-C,, 



March 21, 1898. 

 " The analysis of pig-iron given above is not from the actual pig-iron 

 used ; it is an analysis of the best Blaenavon foundry metal, such as was 

 used by Mr. Bessemer in his experiments at Baxter House. 



