28 Lange, Bessemer, Goiajisson and Mushet. 



world and gave an honourable significance to Mushet's 

 name in every workshop. 



Mushet's services were also acknowledged by the 

 presentation to him of the Bessemer medal by the Iron 

 and Steel Institute in 1876. It is strange that a similar 

 honour was never conferred on Goransson. Mushet died 

 in 1 89 1, aged 80 years, having added still further dis- 

 tinction to the name he inherited. Of both lives — father's 

 and son's — one could well quote " per ardua ad astra." 

 His two sons continued in the employ of Messrs. Osborn 

 up to a few years ago, when they retired from business. 



Progress of the Bessemer Process. 



As I have already said, the merely experimental 

 application of an old principle in a novel manner does not, 

 of itself, constitute an invention, and Bessemer was, 

 above all things, a brilliant inventor. His steel process 

 required a vessel and equipment of entirely novel manu- 

 facture. The pear-shaped converter, with hydraulic 

 tipping-gear and cranes and the ladle for vertical casting, 

 were all designed by him, and are still unchanged in their 

 essential particulars. It was Bessemer's fertility and 

 ingenuity of invention, combined with great mechanical 

 skill and infinite resource and perseverance, that enabled 

 him to effect an industrial revolution, and to make his 

 process the most successful method of producing steel in 

 quantity that the world has known. In this, lies his claim 

 to originality. 



The new material of construction invaded all domains 

 of industry. As may well be imagined, its use for rails 

 instead of wrought iron was early considered as an 

 attractive possibility. 



In 1 86 1 Crewe Station was laid with Bessemer steel 

 rails rolled from ingots made at Sheffield, and the longevity 



