Birds in Relation to their Prey. 103 



P. demodocus and members o£ the genus Precis were probably 

 preferred not only to the genera that caused nauseation 

 {Danaida, Amauris, and Acrcea), but, with Belenois, to the 

 moth Olapa and the butterflies Mylothris, Terias, and 

 Papilio antjolanus. LopJioceros leucomelas showed an apparent 

 preference for a migratory locust and for Precis cehrene as 

 against Amauris albimaculata and A. ocJdcea, and for Acrse- 

 ina? as against Danaiuse. The preference for Banaida as 

 against Amauris was less certain, but very probable. Even 

 Uanainse, however, were probably liked far better — placed 

 higher — than the brilliant moth-larva of experiment 520, 

 and I thought at the time that greater repugnance was 

 shown for the larvse of Acrcea terpsichore in experiment 536 

 than had been shown for adult Acrgeinte and Danainse. If 

 so, it would be only in line with ni}^ results from other birds. 

 It was interesting that each bird could eat an Amauris or 

 else an Acrcea when it seemed to have had as much as it 

 could safely eat of the other. This seemed to indicate that 

 their protective qualities are very different. The difficulty ex- 

 perienced with Catopsilia fiorella'a stiff wings in experiment 

 531 as against the pliable, easily-swallowed wings of Banaida 

 was also interesting. 



L. melanoleucus's preferences were ascertained a little more 

 fully. I was now learning to experiment better, and had 

 the advantage of dealing with a bird that was adult and full 

 of experience and formed opinions when captured. The 

 preferences seemed to be : — (1) Pi/rameis, Ilamamimida, 

 Melanitis, and the skippers Gegenes, Andronymus, and Par- 

 nara ; (2) Padraona, Salamis, Papilio ■ tyccus, and probably 

 Neptis — with (1) and (2) would be bracketed Precis spp., 

 Catopsilia, P seudacrwa lucretia, if recognized, and probably 

 brown Crenis and Leuceronia aryia, also the skippers Baoris, 

 Platylesches, und Rliopalocampta ; (3) Ypthima (probabl}); 

 (4) Belenois ; (5) MylotJiris — with (4) and (5) might be 

 bracketed Terias and Leptosia; (G) Acrwa acaray A. terpsi- 

 chore, and the two buflf-patched Amaurises ; (7) Banaida 

 cJtrysippus ; (^S) Amauris dominicanus ; (9) meat; (10) Cape 

 gooseberries ; (11) Maba mualala fruits. Head backwards, 



