Manchester Memoirs, Vol. liv. ( 1 909), No. 4. 1 5 



the back, and probably dififer in some respects from the 

 typical dorsals. 



One of the most conspicuous characters of these 

 vertebrae is that the centra are very short, in one case 

 only 5 cm., where the breadth across the anterior face is 

 9 cm., and the height 7'5 cm. 



The most striking character of the more anterior of 

 these two is that the neural spine leans so much back that 

 its summit is over the posterior surface of the centrum of 

 the succeeding vertebra. The spine is thick and narrows 

 at the top, where, however, it is much swollen laterally 

 its posterior surface has a deep groove for ligaments. 



There is still a trace of the table joining the zygapo- 

 physes, but this is now contracted just before the 

 post-zygapophysis. The prae-zygapophyses are low and 

 amazingly solid ; they do not project before the centra. 

 The post-zygapophyses project entirely behind the centra : 

 they are very slim and deeply cupped. 



The facet for the rib is single, placed high up and 

 largely carried by the arch ; below it is a pit, excavated 

 in the centrum, which is a centimetre wide and rather more 

 deep. There is no marked haemal ridge. The ends of the 

 centrum are nearly flat. 



The caudals are only noticeable for a pit below the 

 facet for the rib, which is not fused on to the centrum. 



The cervical ribs are very distinctly double-headed, 

 and show only faint traces of the characteristic hatchet- 

 shape ; they are long, slender, triangular bars. 



The dorsal ribs are single-headed and slender, as are 

 also some abdominal ribs. 



Pectoral Girdle. 



The pectoral girdle is well preserved, although the 

 scapulae are slightly separated from the coracoids and the 

 clavicular arch lies below one of the coracoids. (See 

 Text-fig. III.). 



