INTRODUCTION Ixix 



divisions into which the Globe has been partitioned. It has already 

 been shown that it contains most of the LEMUROIDEA, and now it 

 will be seen that a large proportion of the ANTHROPOIDEA are also 

 found within its limits, the great continent of Africa being responsible 

 for most of the species. Papio is the first genus of the ANTHRO- 

 POIDEA to be considered, and, in the East African Subregion of 

 this Region, it contains twelve species distributed throughout its 

 length from north to south, Nubia, to Lake Nyassa. They are P. 



CYNOCEPHALUS ; P. HEUGLINI ; P. DOGUERA ; P. NEUMANNI ; P. IBEA- 

 NUS; P. TESSELLATUM ; P. FURAX ; P. PRUINOSUS; P. STREPITUS/ P. 



HAMADRYAS; P. h. arabicus from Southern Arabia; and P. brockmani. 

 The West African Subregion has P. nigerle ; P. papio ; P. sphinx ; P. 

 LEUCOPH.EUS ; P. YOKOENSis ; and P. planirostris ; while the South 

 African Subregion has but one species P. porcarius. 



Theropithecus has but two species, T. gelada, and T. obscurus ; 

 both natives of Abyssinia in the East African Subregion. Cyno- 

 PITHECUS and Magus take us into the Austro-Malayan Subregion of 

 the Australian Region, where, in Celebes, and the small islands of 

 Menado-tue, Batchian, Muna and Butan, and doubtfully in the Aru 

 Islands, the few species of these genera are found. The next genus in 

 the order adopted is Simia, with its single species of S. sylvanus 

 found in the southwestern part of the Mediterranean Subregion, in 

 Morocco and Algiers, whence it was introduced on the Rock of 

 Gibraltar. Pithecus, with its many species, is dispersed over all the 

 recognized Zoogeographical Regions of the Old World except the 

 Australian. Beginning with the Palaearctic Region in the Siberian 

 Subregion, Thibet possesses three species, P. vestitus ; P. lasiotis ; 

 and P. thibetanum ; and one from Cashmere, P. villosus ; and P. 

 FUSCATUS from Japan. The next is the Oriental Region, and in the 

 Indian and Ceylonese Subregions four species are found, P. rhesus; 

 P. siNicus ; P. ALBIBARBATUS ; and P. pileatus. In the Indo-Chinese 

 Subregion fifteen species are met with, P. assamensis, and this 

 Macaque goes as far to the west, in the Himalaya range of the Indian 

 Subregion, as Masuri ; P. speciosus; (this species found also in 

 Borneo), P. nemestrinus; P. irus ; P. andamanensis ; P. rufescens; 

 P. adustus; p. insulans; P. vitiis; P. harmandi ; P. brevicaudus; 



P. SANCTI-JOHANNIS ; P. CYCLOPSIS ; P. VALIDUS \ and p. LITTORALIS. 



The Indo-Malayan Subregion of this region contains twenty-six species 

 dispersed through the lower Malayan Peninsula and the numerous 

 islands of the various Archipelagoes. They are P. capitalis ; P. fas- 

 cicularis; P. nemestrinus; P. umbrosus; P. fuscus; P. ph^urus; 



