158 THEROPITHECU S 



and feet, black or brownish black ; legs to ankles from knees, inner 

 and outer sides pale yellowish brown ; front edge of thighs dark reddish 

 brown grading into pale yellowish on hinder parts ; tail pale brown ; 

 throat black; chest and inner side of arms above elbows grayish white; 

 bare spot on lower part of throat, and on chest as in T. gelada ; rest of 

 under parts reddish brown. 



Female. Generally reddish brown without any mane. 



Measurements. Total length, 825 ; tail, 325. Skull : total length, 

 168; occipito-nasal length, 123; Hensel, 126; zygomatic width, 118; 

 intertemporal width, 44 ; median length of nasals, Zi ; length of upper 

 molar series, 49 ; length of mandible, 132 ; length of lower molar series, 

 64. 



Von Heuglin was the discoverer of this fine species, and gives, 

 (1. c.) the following account of it: 



"This magnificent Ape lives in large troops in southern Abyssinia 

 in the Takessah-Suringland in the Provinces of Lasta, Wadla, Talanta, 

 Daund, Seint-Amara and Woro-Heimann, in the land of Jedju and 

 Wollo-Galla at an elevation of from 6,000 to 10,000 feet above the 

 level of the sea, mostly in rocky ravines. They are seldom seen in trees, 

 but usually on open places, or on steep inaccessible rocks, from which 

 they try to throw stones at their pursuers. 



"They pass the night together in caves, and come forth at break of 

 day, and sit for hours in the morning sun for warmth, and then seek in 

 the low valleys, their food, which consists, apparently, almost 

 exclusively of leaves, but perhaps they may visit fields where fruits 

 grow. Their dispositions appear to be quite harmless. The herd con- 

 sists of 20 to 30 families and young, and is led usually by four or six old 

 males who march with solemn step while the young play about, or are 

 carried by the mothers, and are kept in order by pinching or boxing the 

 ear. If danger approaches, the discoverer utters a loud cry, and the 

 troop unites, and if necessary returns to the rocks. The old males 

 that go by themselves, are more afraid than the females, who standing 

 erect often yell at the pursuer, and show their white teeth. When 

 on a predatory excursion, or in flight, which is not usually very rapid, 

 they go mostly in a line, with an old individual in the rear. Rarely 

 do different herds unite, but at the approach of evening, each returns 

 to its regular quarters. The voice is shrill, that of the old males hoarse. 

 One of the chief enemies of the 'Tekur-Sindiere' is the Kafiir-eagle, also 

 the Lamb Vulture (Golden Vulture). In their viscera, especially in the 

 caecum, is found a kind of Echinorrhynchus in great numbers." 



