176 PITHECUS 



GENUS PITHECUS. MACAQUES. 



.. 2—2 p, 1—1 p 2—2 .. 3—3 



1. 2^> ^- 1— IJ "• 2—2) ^- 3— 3^32- 



PITHECUS E. Geoff., Mag. Encyclop., Ill, 1795, p. 462. Type 

 *Simia sinica Linnaeus. 

 Macaca (sic), Laceped., Tabl. Mamm., 1799, p. 4. 

 Silenus Goldf., Handb. Zool., II, 1820, p. 479. 

 Maimon Wagn., Schreb., Saugth. Suppl., I, 1840, pp. 141, 148. 

 Rhesus Less., Rev. Zool., 1840, pp. 49, 95. 

 Pithex Hodg., Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng., IX, 1840, pi. II, p. 1212. 

 Salamacis Clog., Handb. u. Hilfsb. Naturg., 1841, pp. XXVII, 35. 

 Lyssodes Gistel, Naturg. Theirreichs f . hohere Schulen, 1848, p. IX. 

 Cynamolgos Reichenb., Vollstand. Naturg. Affen, 1862, p. 130, pi. 



XXIII, figs. 237, 344. 

 Vetulus Reichenb., Vollstand. Naturg. Affen, 1862, pp. 125-130, pi. 



XXII, figs. 321, 326 d, (nee Rafin., Pisces, 1815). 



Zati Reichenb., Vollstand. Naturg. Affen, 1862, pp. 130, 133, pi. 



XXIII, figs. 327, 331. 



Body, heavy, compact ; limbs short, stout ; thumb pointing back- 

 ward; nose long not extending beyond upper lip; nostrils opening 

 downwards, and not placed at extreme end of nose ; eyes approximate, 

 surmounted by heavy bony ridges, ears naked, pointed ; callosities large, 

 buttocks nude ; tail of various lengths, and tufted. Hair of head 

 sometimes long or mane-like about face and extending downward on 

 neck to shoulders; cheek pouches present. Skull has a small brain- 

 case, and prominent orbital ridges ; canines long and formidable ; first 

 and second lower molars with four cusps ; the last molar which is the 

 largest, with five cusps and posterior talon. 



LITERATURE OF THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES. 



1758. Linnccus, Systema Naturce. 



Under the genus Simla tlie following species of Pithecus are 

 given: (S.) sinica first described; (S.) sylvanus first 



*The first four species given are 5. vetcr, S. silenus, S. faitnus and 5. 

 cynomolgos, all Linnsean and undeterminable except the last which is a 

 Papio and = Simla hamadryas Linn., leaving 5". sinica Linn., the fifth and 

 last species, as the type of Pithecus. 



