220 PITH EC US 



an animal with a thin beard, below the chin alone, and with a rather 

 long tail ; figure two shows a monkey drawn so as to resemble a lion 

 as much as possible." The figure on the next plate "represents an 

 animal with a short tail, hairy body and long hair all around the head." 

 Whatever species these figures and description were intended to 

 represent, it is certain they will not answer for the Malabar Monkey, 

 and Linnaeus himself was so little satisfied with his description in the 

 10th edition that he changes it to the 12th so as to make it read "barba 

 nigra prolixa" and thus make it accord with that of Alpinus. Linnaeus 

 characterizes his 5". silenus in this manner: Size equal to the largest 

 Baboon ; beard white in one edition, black in the other, and the animal 

 came from Egypt in the 12th edition, but from Asia, Ceylon and Java 

 in the 10th edition. Here then we have two writers, neither of whom 

 ever probably saw the monkey they described, one of whom, Alpinus, 

 states that his species has a black beard, and the other, Linnasus, trying 

 to diagnose the same animal, says in the first place the beard is white 

 and in the second place it is black. It is not at all likely that it was 

 the Malabar Monkey to which either Author referred, as neither the 

 size nor the habitats given answer for the species, and Linnaeus at all 

 events, had a very foggy idea of its appearance. Considering, there- 

 fore, the absolute uncertainty as to what the 5". silenus Linn., really 

 was, it seems best to regard it as undeterminable and select the name 

 that was, without question, bestowed upon the species, and this appears 

 to be SiMiA ALBIBARBATUS Kerr, (1. c). It is also the Ouanderou, or 

 Lowando of Bufifon, (1. c.) and his figure fairly represents it, except 

 the tail appears to have been reduced more than half, the specimen 

 probably having lost the greater portion of its length. The name has 

 been misapplied, as Wanderou, or Ouanderou properly belongs to 

 Presbytis cephaloloptera of Ceylon, in which island the P. albi- 

 BARBATUS is not found, for there is no species of monkey there with a 

 white beard. 



Jerdon, (1. c.) says of this species that "it is a native of the more 

 elevated forests of the Western Ghats of India from N. L. 14° to the 

 extreme south, but most abundant in Cochin and Travancore. It is 

 said to occur still farther north up to Goa, N. L. 15>^, but I have no 

 authentic information of its occurrence so high. It frequents the most 

 dense and unfrequented parts of the forest, always, as far as I have 

 observed it, at a considerable elevation, and I had often traversed the 

 Malabar forests before I first fell in \^ith it. This was at the top of 

 the Cotiady pass, leading from Malabar into the Wynaad. I have since 

 met with it in several other localities, but always near the crest of the 



