1902,] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 601 



stimulation of the king and queen to mating, and it may be that 

 queens hatched late in summer do not mate until the next succeed- 

 ing summer. A winged queen taken by me from the natural nest 

 of the C colony, August 22, 1901, had no opportunity to mate 

 until September 24, when I put into the artificial nest where she 

 lived several kings of the H colony, just taken from the ground. 

 These kings all died within a few days, and the queen probably did 

 not mate during 1901, as she retained her wings and laid no eggs 

 throughout the winter of 1901-1902. She had no association with 

 any king between September, 1901, and July 6, 1902, when I put 

 into the Petri cell where she was then isolated a king of her own 

 colony, five days old. She at once seized him gently by a wing, 

 and presently licked him from end to end. She could not have 

 mated earlier than July 6, and may not have mated until August, 

 when I put other kings and also workers, all of her own colony, 

 into her cell. On August 20, 1902, she lost her wings, having 

 worn them a year or more. She laid her first egg on August 24, 

 four days after losing her wings. 



Another winged queen, also taken from the natural nest of the 

 C colony on August 22, 1901, had no opportunity to mate until 

 September 21, when I put into her habitation two kings of her 

 own colony. She probably did not mate with either of them, for 

 she retained her wings and laid no eggs throughout the winter of 

 1901-1902. There were no males in the nest where she lived from 

 September, 1901, to July 13, 1902. On the latter date, after 

 she had been isolated one month, I put into the Petri cell where 

 she then lived a king of her own colony, and several workers. 

 The king was but four days old, but may have mated immediately 

 with the still winged queen. She lost her wings on the 10th of 

 August, having worn them nearly a year since her capture. On 

 the 14th of August she laid her first egg, and on the 20th she had 

 eight eggs. 



Memory. — Have the ants an intellectual memory ? 



Experiment a. — In one of my artificial nests were four deiilated 

 queens of the C colony, taken by me from their natural nest near 

 Wood's Hole, Mass., September 7, 1900, with workers. On the 

 23d of September, 1901, I put into this nest some pupseof Formica 

 fusca subsericea, and five days later one of these pupje hatched, 

 and was permitted to live with the resident Stenammas. The 



