1902.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA, 613 



At a later date, auts that had passed their whole pupa-stage in 

 the light affiliated with those of the same age that had passed their 

 whole pupa-stage in darkness, and vice versa. 



Experiment r. — On August 27 I put into a clean cell three 

 queens, one captured, dealated, September 7, 1900; one captured 

 winged, August 22, 1901, and one captured, winged, June 7, 1902. 

 All were dealated at date. These queens had all at some time 

 associated with queens older and younger than themselves, and 

 they at once associated amicably with each other. 



1 then removed from the cell the youngest of the three queens, 

 and introduced one of exactly the same age as was she, but who 

 had, during her twenty-two days of life, had no association with 

 any ant older than herself. This young dealated queen constantly 

 fled from the two older queens, and refused during two days to be 

 driven or cajoled into touch with them. Meantime they snuggled 

 each other voluntarily, though they had never before met. 



Experiment s. — On August 28, into a cell containing a score of 

 workers, hatched August 5 from pupse sequestered August 3, I 

 put, one by one, three workers of the same size and color as these 

 resident ants, but twenty -one months older, having been hatched 

 between the 13th and the 21st of November, 1900. Each of the 

 visitors was seized and dragged. 



I took them out, and put into the cell, one by one, three 

 workers, thirty-seven days old, and of the same size and color as 

 the resident ants. Each of these visitors was received without 

 seizure or nabbing. 



I then took them out and put in a queen hatched August 5. 

 She was at once accepted. I removed her and put in a dealated 

 queen hatched in June. This queen was nabbed, but she imme- 

 diately set herself to the regulation of her new fainily, and she 

 successively picked up and carried across the cell seven young ants. 

 As fast as she brought the ants from the ant-group at the larvse- 

 pile I removed them from the cell, and in half an hour she had 

 settled in the midst of a serene family, where she appeared to be 

 wholly acceptable. 



I then took her out, and without returnmg the rejected workers, 

 I put in a queen a year old. This queen was attacked wi^h great 

 violence by several residents together, and I removed her from the 

 cell. 



