1890.] Butterflies of the suh-family Nemeobiinge. 139 



tion : — " Pupa very flat. Head rounded, bifid ; abdomen broad in the 

 middle ; thorax rounded, flat. Colour pale green marked with blue on 

 the back. Fastened by the tail and round the thorax with a whitish 

 web. Found on a leaf of Mcesa montana, D. C." Shortly afterwards 

 Mr. A. V. Knyvett sent me an empty pupa-case of the same species 

 from the same district. From these two sources of information I am 

 able to draw up the following notes. 



Mr. Dudgeon's drawing shews the pupa attached to the surface of 

 a leaf, but whether to the upper or underside 1 am unable to say, though 

 probably the latter. The leaf appeal's to be rather a small one, and the 

 pupa occupies about the middle third of half the surface between the 

 m.idrib and one margin of the leaf, the long axis of the pupa being 

 parallel with the midrib, and the head directed towards the apex of the 

 leaf. Mr. Knyvett's example is attached to the underside of a small 

 leaf, and lies between two of the lateral ribs, with the head touching 

 the midrib, the tail directed towards the edge of the leaf. Both pupae 

 are fixed to the leaf by the cremastral hooks at the end of the abdomen, 

 and by a silken girdle across the body at about the junction of the 

 thorax with the first abdominal segment. To allow the imago to escape, 

 the thorax has split down the dorsal line, but the case covering the 

 abdominal segments remains intact. The pupa is distinctly fusiform in 

 shape, being broadest at about the middle, the abdominal segments 

 rapidly increasing in width to the junction of the second and third (to 

 judge from the empty pupa-case), and then more gradually decreasing 

 to the last, which is bluntly rounded. The whole pupa appears to be 

 much depressed. The wing-cases are very small, and hardly visible 

 from above. The constrictions between the abdominal segments are 

 well marked, and the posterior segments are not turned under as in the 

 typical pupge of the family Lyccenidce. The ventral surface of the pupa 

 is very flat, and lies in close contact with the surface of the leaf. In 

 general shape the pupa is very similar to that of Abisara prunosa, Moore, 

 fi'om Ceylon, but the terminal segment of the abdomen (tail) is much 

 blunter (less pointed) ; it appears, however, to differ widely in not 

 having the surface furnished with long hairs ; none being shewn in 

 Mr. Dudgeon's drawing, or mentioned in his description, and none being 

 visible in the empty pupa-case. I may note also that the pupa of the 

 European iV. lucina appears to be quite naked. The pupa of Z.flegyas 

 lies fully exposed on the surface of the leaf, there being no attempt to 

 make a cocoon of any sort. The surface of the leaf on which the pupa 

 lies, and for a little distance around, is covered with a coating of fine 

 white silk evidently spun by the larva before fixing itself in position for 

 pupation. 



