26 SCPIWARTZ & Beevor, Dawn of Human Intention. 



V. The "Bulbed" Eoliths of Croxley. 



{y'^) In this section the term " Eoh'th " is used in the 



connotation to express a tool of pre-palaeolithic type, for 



the industry at Croxley cannot be considered as purely 



Eolithic, as it belonj^s to the "Strepyien" or transition 



[period from the Eolithic to the Palaeolithic cultures. 



(79) With reference to the geology of the Croxley 

 Long Valley gravel pits, up to the present time the 

 remains of animals found are few. Sir John Evans 

 recorded Elephas antiquus and Cervus elepkus, and Prof. 

 Seeley has identified Equus fossilis and Bos. (?) 



(80) The elevation of the chalk floor of this pit is 

 200 feet O. D., being 40 feet above the level of the river 

 "Gade" which skirts it. The gravel is moulded upon an 

 irregular chalk surface, differences of level of as much as 

 15 feet being obtained within a few yards. Hummocks 

 of Woolwich and Reading beds were left upon the chalk, 

 sometimes with layers of black ovate pebbles, sometimes 

 of yellow, white, or greenish sands, with botryoidal sarsen 

 stone concretions occasionally several feet in diameter. 



(81) Above the floor a section shows about 20 feet of 

 sands with marked false bedding, containing pebbles and 

 cracked flints in varying proportion at different levels. 

 As a rule there is no loam in this sand, and even in the 

 least pebbly part a big flint, looking fresh from the chalk, 

 may occur. 



(82) A narrow band of black gravel occurs, but not 

 persistently, in the middle and upper part of the section, 

 and at 20 feet from the chalk is a layer of clay, 2 feet in 

 thickness, which from its colour shows itself to be a relaid 

 remnant of the London clay, which has been denuded 

 from the upper levels of nearly all the adjacent country ; 

 this contains a few white flints, and is here and there 

 crumpled by dislocation from subsidences. Above this. 



