MaiicJiester Afemoijs, J^o/. liii. (1909), No. 10. 13 



in Ireland. The only reference I can find to an imple- 

 inent of a similar character is that given by Sir W. R. 

 Wilde ('57, p. 43.) Hi.s description is as follows : — "The 

 largest celt yet discovered in Ireland is formed of coarse 

 claj'-slate. It is 22 inches long, 3;' inches broad at its 

 widest portion ; but is only i inch thick ; the arras has 

 been removed on the edge, as shown b}' the diagram of 

 its section (fig. 45). It might have been intended as the 

 coulter of a plough for soft ground, but bears no evidence 

 of ever hax'ing been so emplo\^ed. This beautiful speci- 

 men was found in deepening the bed of the river Black- 

 water, two miles below Charlemont, County of Armagh." 

 The Culbane implement has been roughly chipped in 

 some places, and smoothed in others, along both its 

 edges. The broader end has been treated similarly but 

 not sufficiently to ])roduce a cutting edge. Curiousl}- 

 enough, if the broken end was continued to a point like 

 the Black water imj^lement, it would be exactly 22 inches 

 in length. Its precise use is problematic, but the sug- 

 gestion made by Wilde seems a likely one and might 

 apply equally well here. The implement might also have 

 been used as a rough sort of spade, or hoe, for working in 

 soft ground. {Plate III., Fig. 12.) 



c. Grindstones and Whetstones. 



Grindstones. — Several stones of various shapes and 

 sizes, for grinding and polishing implements, have been 

 found at Culbane, but so far as I can ascertain, none have 

 hitherto been described from that place. 



The following are some of the chief: — No. i was found 

 in sand up in Culbane Village ; Nos. 2 to 5 in the diatom 

 deposit near Culbane ; No. 6 fifteen inches from the 

 surface in peat overl}'ing the deposit at Culbane. 



