8 Weiss, Submerged Vegetation of Lake Windermere. 



They are about \ inch in length, and differ from the 

 ordinary winter-buds found in so many water plants in 

 not being disarticulated from the parent shoot. They 

 remain attached until the main shoot dies down, growing 

 out in spring into new vegetative shoots. 



A detailed examination of these shows that the lower- 

 most leaves are always decussate — i.e., arranged in pairs 

 at right angles to the preceding and subsequent ones. 

 The same arrangement of the leaves will be seen at the 

 base of the branch in Fig. I. A, just above the lower winter 

 bud, and is quite usual with the basalleavesof a shoot, 

 while the upper parts have three leaves in a whorl. 



The large Pondweed {Potaiuogcton praelojigus Wulf), 

 with its characteristic long shoots some 13 feet in length, 

 though plentiful near the ferry, does not occur in sufficiently 

 large quantities to seriously affect the fishing, particular!)- 

 as it does not cover the bottom, but grows up to near the 

 surface of the lake. It is a perennial plant, and flowers 

 in May and June. Possibly this form may reproduce 

 also by winter buds, as is not unusual in this genus. But 

 I was unable to observe any on the specimens collected 

 in the autumn. 



The Water-Milfoil, like the Pondweed, is not a 

 dominant form of vegetation, and the Water-Starwort 

 {Callitriche), though dominant in some reaches, as for 

 example near the boat landing, is not so abundant on the 

 feeding grounds of the fish. 



As all the plants described flower about May and 

 June, the artificial removal of the weeds should take place 

 not later than July. Experience shows that the best 

 method of effecting this is by drawing up of a net similar 

 to that used in fishing. Dragging the bottom with chains 

 has not been successful, as the weed is broken up but not 

 removed, and, as in the case of the Canadian Pondweed, 



