The observed data were plotted on a 

 graph developed by Kleiar' on which the coordi- 

 nates are depth (or salinity, oxygen, phosphate) 

 vs. thermosteric anomaly (the anomaly of speci- 

 fic volume neglecting pressure terms). Isotherms 

 appear on the graph as slanting straight "lines. 

 The observed chemical concentrations are each 

 plotted against the temperature-depth curve. 



The temperature-depth curve was 

 drawn using the bathythermograph curve ob- 

 tained on station to aid in forming the upper por- 

 tion, the curve following the shape of the BT 

 trace but passing through the points observed 

 with reversing thermometers. The other curves 

 (temperature-salinity, and -oxygen) were drawn 

 making the station-to-station changes as regular 

 as allowed by the observed points. Values ob- 

 viously in error became evident during this stage 

 of the processing and were discarded. 



Temperatures at standard depths were 

 read from the T-depth curve, and the respective 

 values were read and tabulated from the other 

 curves at these temperatures. Computation of 

 geopotential anomaly (with pressure terms neg- 

 lected) was done directly from the station graphs. 

 If the average values of thermosteric anomaly 

 over suitable small intervals of depth (pressure) 

 times the pressure interval in db are summed 

 upward from some reference level, the result 

 is the geopotential anomaly over the reference 

 depth. The depth intervals used are 100 m. in 

 the deeper layers and 10 m. in the thermocline 

 and surface layer; this simplifies the multipli- 

 cation by the pressure interval to a mere change 

 in decimal place, and has the advantage of fol- 

 lowing the observed data very closely in the re- 

 gion of the thermocline. In practice, the value 

 of thermosteric anomaly was read from the T-S 

 curve at the temperature of the midpoint of the 

 desired depth interval on the T-depth curve. 



B. Plankton 



In the laboratory the zooplankton 

 samples were treated as follows: 



1. All organisms above 5 cm. in longest 

 dimension plus non-food organisms (King and 

 Hida 1954) 2 to 5 cm. in longest dimension were 

 removed from the sample and were not included 

 in the volumes or group counts. 



2. The wet drained volume of the remainder 

 of the sample was determined by water displace- 

 ment following the method of King and Demond 



2/ Klein, Hans. MS. A new method for pro- 

 cessing oceanographic data. Scripps Institution 

 of Oceanography. 



(1953), except that in this case the entire 

 sample was measured. Volumes in cc/ 1000m 

 (table 6) were estimated from the flowmeter 

 records following the method of King and 

 Demond (1953). 



3. An aliquot of the sample (usually 1/4) 

 was placed in a 15 x 20 cm. counting chamber 

 and distributed as evenly as possible. 



All organisms within each of 10 

 randomly selected square centimeters were 

 identified down to "group" (phylum to order) 

 and counted. The estimated number of each 

 "group" in the total sample was obtained by 



multiplying the above counts by 10 x-rr TJT 



or 30 times the aliquot denominator. The esti- 

 mated numbers of organisms per 1, 000 cubic 

 meters of water strained was obtained by divi- 

 ding the above total sample estimates by the 

 cubic meters of water strained expressed in 

 thousands. The resulting values are tabulated 

 in table 7. 



LITERATURE CITED 



H. O. PUB. NO. 606-C 



1951. Bathythermograph observations. Hy- 

 drographic Office Observers Manual, 

 U. S. Navy Hydrographic Office, 12 pp. 



KING, JOSEPH E. and JOAN DEMOND 



1953. Zooplankton abundance in the central 

 Pacific. U. S. Fish and Wildlife 

 Serv. , Fish. Bull., Vol. 54, No. 82, 

 pp. 111-144, 11 figs., 18 tables. 



and THOMAS S. HIDA 

 Variations in zooplankton abundance 

 in Hawaiian waters, 1950-52. U. S. 

 Fish and Wildlife Serv. , Spec. Sci. 

 Rept. : Fisheries No. 118, 66 pp. 



1954. 



LA FOND, E. C. 



1951. Processing oceanographic data. 

 H. O. Pub. No. 614, 114 pp. 



WOOSTER, WARREN S. and N. W. RAKESTRAW 

 1951. The estimation of dissolved phosphate 

 in sea water. Jour. Mar. Res. , 

 Vol. X, No. 1, pp. 91-100, 5 figs. 



