Gradient. — Estimates in degrees from hori- 

 zontal, based on observation by various individuals. 



Velocity . — Estimates in feet per second dur- 

 ing normal water levels, based on observation by 

 various individuals. 



Bottom. --A description is given of the com- 

 position such as gravel (range from 1/4 inch to over 5 

 inches in diameter, arbitrary division point), mud, 

 silt, organic materials, broken and water-washed 

 rock, boulders, large rocks, bedrock, etc. , according 

 to observations by various individuals. 



Low tide locotion. — The location of the 

 mean low tide point is an approximation and is given 

 only where it falls near good identification points, 

 usually found in restricted stream outlets. 



High tide location. --The mean high tide 

 location generally has been found to correspond to the 

 tree line. Other methods of locating the high tides, 

 such as markers, are described when present. 



Salmon schooling areas. — The areas are 

 usually found near high tide where pools often occur. 

 The areas are described with reference to the mean 

 high tide mark. Annual variations in streambeds may 

 alter locations of schooling areas. 



Spawning areas. — Major areas are described 

 with reference to the high tide mark. Location may 

 change with change in stream conditions. 



General notes. — This includes notes per- 

 tinent to the intertidal stream that are of interest and 

 importance in the description of runs . 



Upstream 



Length accessible. — The length given in 

 miles was measured from aerial photographs along the 

 course of the stream to the known upper limits of 

 salmon migration. Where barriers restrict major 

 species but allow more vigorous species to pass, sec- 

 ondary species limits are given under "Barriers- " 



Gradient. — Slope was estimated in degrees 

 from horizontal, based on observation by various indi- 

 viduals. 



Velocity. — It is in feet per second during 

 normal water levels and is an estimate from obser- 

 vations by various individuals. 



Bottom . -- A description is given whether 

 gravel (range from 1/4 inch to over 5 inches in dia- 

 meter, arbitrary division point), mud, silt, organic 

 materials, broken and water-washed rock, boulders, 

 bedrock, etc. , are present, from observations by vari- 

 ous individuals. 



Marker distance . -- Di stance is given in 

 miles along stream course to standard termination 

 point for salmon counting. 



Marker identification . --Description of an 

 artificial marker or of identification feature marking 

 termination point for salmon spawning surveys is given. 



Barrier s. --Distance and location above 

 high tide point to known barriers, both passable and 

 impassable, are listed. Descriptions are also given 

 when available. 



Tributaries . — Tributaries used by spawning 

 salmon are listed by distance from the mouth of the 

 main stream, by direction, and by importance. 

 Tributaries not used by salmon, but numerous, are 

 mentioned under "Drainage. " 



Salmon schooling areas. — Based on survey 

 records, major salmon schooling areas are listed 

 where specific locations have been observed for an 

 individual stream. 



Spawning oreas. — Major areas are described 

 by distance above high tide or from a reference 

 point in the stream. 



General notes. — The notes include data 

 pertinent to the upstream areas that are of interest 

 and importance in the description of salmon escape- 

 ments. 



Escapement Record 



Statistical area number. — The number used 

 by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game to designate 

 the statistical area as given on the upper left side of 

 the heading. 



Stream name . — This appears in the center 

 of the first line of the heading. 



Stream number . — The new and old num- 

 bers appear on the right side of the first line of the 

 heading on the first page of the escapement record. 

 The following pages give only the new number. 



Date surveyed , 

 ologically. 



•Surveys are listed chion- 



Miles surveyed . — Distances arecjiven as 

 measured along stream course to the termination 

 point of the regular survey. Ground surveys are des- 

 ignated by "G" and aerial by "A-" These symbols 

 precede miles surveyed. 



S urveyed by . — Initials of surveying 

 organizations are listed as follows: Alaska Department 

 of Fish and Game, ADF&G; Alaska Salmon Industry, 

 ASI; Fisheries Research Institute, FRI; U. S. Fish and 



